The West Between the Wars

1. The West Between the Wars Chapter 24

2. Section 1: The Futile Search for Stability • Main Ideas: • Peace and prosperity were short lived after World War I. • After 1929,a global economic depression weakened the Western democracies. • Key Terms: • Depression • Collective bargaining • Deficit spending

3. Futile Search for Stability • Peace settlement left many nations unhappy! • New boundaries and new states left unease in eastern Europe • Germany vowed to revise the treaty • Weak League of Nations…one major failure is the United States did not join • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8pPmZm-zs-k

4. French Demands • Wanted strict enforcement of the Treaty of Versailles • Determined Germany owed 132 billion marks for reparations, payable in annual installments of 2.5 billion marks. • Germany republic paid one installment, but then unable to pay due to financial problems • France takes Ruhr Valley, Germany’s chief industrial and mining center. France hoped to collect reparations this way • Inflation in Germany • The Dawes Plan-reduced reparations, coordinated Germany’s annual payments with its ability to pay. Allowed for a brief period of European prosperity. • Treaty of Locarno- guaranteed Germany’s new western borders with France and Belgium. (many saw this as peace bwtn Germany and France). • Germany joined League of Nations in 1926

5. Great Depression

6. Democratic States after the War • Germany • Imperial Germany of William II ended after the war, with the creation of the Weimar Republic. • Paul von Hindenburg, first elected president • Depression paved the way for fear and the rise of extremists parties. • France • Became strongest country after the war • Depression hit then a little later, which resulted in the creation of the Popular Front Party • Great Britain • Lost many resources to the United States and Japan after the war • United States • Was hit the hardest during the Great Depression. • Under FDR and the New Deal • New Deal provided reforms that perhaps prevented a social revolution in the United States, but it did not solve the unemployment problem

7. Section 2: Rise of Dictatorial Regimes • Main Ideas: • Mussolini established a modern totalitarian state in Italy. • As leader of the Soviet Union, Stalin eliminated people who threatened his power. • Key Terms: • Totalitarian state • Fascism • New Economic Policy • Politburo • Collectivization

8. Key Terms • Totalitarian state- a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens. • Fascism- a political philosophy that glorifies the state above the individual by emphasizing the need for a strong central government led by a dictatorial ruler.

9. By 1939, only two major European states remained democratic. Italy, Soviet Union, Germany, and many other European states adopted dictatorial regimes • Benito Mussolini (Italy) • Adolf Hitler (Germany) • Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) • NEP, Politburo, Five Year Plans, collectivization • Francisco Franco (Spain) • Video and questions

10. Section 3:Hitler and Nazi Germany • Main Ideas: • Hitler and the Nazi Party established a totalitarian state in Germany. • Many Germans accepted the Nazi dictatorship, while other Germans suffered greatly under Hitler’s rule. • Key Terms: • Reichstag • Concentration camp • Learn 360 video “Roots of Evil”

11. Assignment • Summarize the steps that Hitler took to become the sole ruler of Germany. • Use a table to describe the policies and programs used by the Nazis to create a Third Reich. Identify the goals for each policy or program.

13. Comparison Chart • Refer to the chart on page 770. Answer the two questions under Chart Skills.