Even without modern weapons, other Africans still fiercely resisted European powers.

1. African Resistance The Zulu Ethiopia and Liberia • Zulu people resisted colonialization more than 50 years • Zulu leader Shaka built strong kingdom by subduing several neighboring peoples • 1879, British invaded Zulu territory, annexed kingdom as colony • Only two nations to retain independence by matching European firepower • 1889, emperor MenelikII modernized nation, army • 1895, Italian forces invaded over treaty dispute • Menelik’s forces defeated Italians Africans did not passively accept European claims to rule over them. As European troops advanced on African territory, they met stiff resistance. Even without modern weapons, other Africans still fiercely resisted European powers.

3. The Zulu • The Zulu were a south African tribe that placed an emphasis on military organization and skill, as established by their  legendary leader Shaka Zulu. Under Shaka’s rule, the Zulu broadened their land claims throughout southern Africa.

4. Zulu

6. Shaka Chief of the Zulu tribe Organized disciplined warriors and developed a good military to create a large centralized state He was able to keep the kingdom together and fend off British Imperialism

10. Shaka’s Successors Fail • In 1877 the Zulu again refuse to accept British Rule • The Zulu army was only able to use spears and shields against British guns • They fought for a long period, but were eventually defeated and the Zulu lost their kingdom to the British in 1879