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Southwest Asia

Southwest Asia. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east.html. Chapter 23: Today’s Issues: Southwest Asia. Oil and religion have shaped modern Southwest Asia, but they’ve also brought the region lasting, often devastating conflicts and challenges. Section 1: Population Relocation

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Southwest Asia

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  1. Southwest Asia http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east.html

  2. Chapter 23: Today’s Issues: Southwest Asia • Oil and religion have shaped modern Southwest Asia, but they’ve also brought the region lasting, often devastating conflicts and challenges. • Section 1: Population Relocation • Section 2: Oil Wealth Fuels Change

  3. Section 1: Population Relocation • Economic growth brings foreign workers to the region. • Political factors have shifted the region’s population.

  4. New Industry Requires More Workers The Oil Boom Changes Economies and Lives • Life in Southwest Asia doesn’t change much from 1100–1900 • some people live in villages, cities; others live nomadic lives • Petroleum, natural gas discovered in early 20th century • Western oil companies leased land, brought in technology, workers • Oil profits bring wealth to countries, urbanization begins • road construction makes cities accessible and thousands migrate to cities for jobs Foreign Workers • Oil creates so many jobs that local workers can’t fill them all • oil companies employ “guest workers” from South, East Asia • In places, immigrant workers outnumber native workers • 90% of United Arab Emirates’ workers are immigrants

  5. Section 2: Oil Wealth Fuels Change • Oil wealth brings political and economic changes to the region. • To achieve a diversified economy, countries need to improve infrastructure and resource use.

  6. Meeting the Global Demand The Pros and Cons of “Black Gold” • Oil (“black gold”) fuels world industries, transportation, economies • strategic commodity—important resource nations will fight over • Region has 64% of world’s oil deposits, 34% of natural gas reserves • by 2020 will provide 50% of world demand • Oil prices rise, fall unpredictably; revenue not assured

  7. Using Oil Wealth to Diversify Developing Resources • Nations seek to diversify, develop non-oil resources, agriculture • governments build dams, dig wells to tap underground reservoirs • Saudi Arabia uses oil profits to improve agriculture, water supplies • Oman revives copper, chromium industries, reduces oil dependence Human Resources • Human resources—skills and talents of a nation’s people • nations must invest in people, including women • must provide education, technology training • Kuwait has free education through university level • Kuwait also pays fees, expenses if students study abroad

  8. Bibliography • McdougalLittell, World Geography. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2012

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