Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial Development

1. Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial Development Presented by Dion Jackson, Project Manager The National Center for Eco-Industrial Development

2. Outline • The National Center for Eco-Industrial Development • What is Eco-Industrial Development? • Industrial Ecology • Eco-Industrial Parks • Environmentally Benign Engineering • Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial Development

3. The National Center for Eco-Industrial Development • Grew out of the partnership between Leonard Mitchell and Ed Cohen-Rosenthal • University of Southern California • Cornell University • to develop tools to expand the development of eco-industrial parks through-out the United States • Funded by the Economic Development Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce; and the Environmental Protection Agency

4. What is Eco-Industrial Development? • The creation of job opportunities through industrial expansion, especially in economically distressed communities, by applying principles of industrial ecology, establishing eco-industrial parks, and expanding use of environmentally benign manufacturing processes and techniques.

5. Industrial Ecology "One of the most important concepts of industrial ecology is that, like the biological system, it rejects the concept of waste." - Industrial Ecology (Graedel and Allenby, Prentice Hall, 1994)

6. Eco-Industrial Park • An industrial park that is designed to increase the economic return at the same time it decreases it’s ecological impact. • Models in use: • By-Product Synergy • Resource Recovery Park • Green Technology Park • Application of Eco-Industrial Strategies • “Resource Circulating Economy”

7. By-Product Exchange Scrap Wood Sawdust Furniture Factory Particle Board Factory Recycled Paper Manufacturer WastePaper Municipal Recovery Facility Aquaculture Biomass Steam Steam Cogeneration Facility Ethanol Production

8. By-Product Exchange Ethanol Plant Ethanol By-Products: Lignin Gypsum Yeast Potential Exchange Partners: Wallboard Manufacturer Animal Feed Manufacturer Major Inputs: Agricultural residues or Wood wastes Sulfuric Acid Steam from a Cogeneration Facility

9. Industrial Symbiosis: Kalundborg, Denmark

10. Eco-Industrial Park • An industrial park developed through the application of eco-industrial strategies such as: • Waste Heat Recovery • Cogeneration • By-Product Exchange • Green Building Development • Creation of New Eco-Industrial Industries and Businesses

11. Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial Development

12. Strategies to Integrate Remediation • Remediation Recovery Network • Eco-Industrial Feedstock • Integrated System of Remediation and Eco-Industrial Development

13. Case Studies: Linking Remediation to Brownfields • 1) Stabilization of contamination and site redevelopment • 2) Adaptation of biofilter remediation technology to perform industrial pollution control • 3) Eco-Industrial based redevelopment

14. Site Remediation • Selection of a site depends on physical and chemical properties of contaminants at the site. • Particularly, at this site, contaminated soil will be first treated by bioremediation to remove organics and then by solidification to reduce the leachability of metal contamination.

15. Benefits in Redeveloping the Site • Health benefits from the removal of VOC’s from the soil and the chemical reduction of chromium. • Cost savings by eliminating the need for any off-site transportation and landfill costs. • Elimination of liability issues associated with off-site disposal. • Cost benefits due to the stabilization of metal contaminants providing a low life cycle cost in other treatment scenarios.

16. Integrating Biofiltration for Remediation and Redevelopment • An attractive alternative because of its low costs, inherent simplicity, and lack of secondary wastes. • An advantage of using biofilters is that the undesirable compound is broken down biologically and destroyed rather than being transferred to another media.

17. Site Remediation • Biofilters- break down hazardous contaminants into harmless products • Extremely cost effective • Under proper conditions, can convert virtually all relevant contaminants to harmless products. • Most effectively used to treat nonhalogenated VOCs and fuel hydrocarbons.

18. Integration with Industrial Site Redevelopment • Biofilter can be used as a VOC control device for a single firm or as a shared technology that provides air pollution control services for a number of firms on the site. • Refer to Box 8 • Economic feasibility and regulatory permit requirements must be considered when evaluating biofiltration for commercial pollution control.

19. Eco-Industrial based Redevelopment- Integrating Technology and Design • Of the 450,000 brownfields sites in the US, roughly 200,000 sites contain abandoned underground storage tanks or are impacted by petroleum leaks. • USTfields –address such situations • New brownfields legislation includes 3 new areas: land contaminated by petroleum products, land contaminated by a controlled substance, and authorizes up to $200 million per year for brownfields assessment and cleanup.

20. Site Remediation- Petroleum Sites • Reclaiming petroleum-contaminated properties can return the land to productive use, create private or public investment in redevelopment and job-producing businesses, and renew valuable space within local communities.

21. Site Remediation- Avoiding Remediation Through Design • A more environmentally and economically effective strategy would be to to prevent the future need for remediation. • Using less material in the production process, being more energy efficient, handling manufacturing processes more responsibly, and creating durable goods can reduce remediation costs while creating competitive advantage in the marketplace. • EIP creates a community of manufacturing and service businesses located together in a common site.

22. Next Steps in Integrating Brownfield Remediation and Eco-Industrial Development • New opportunities to apply successfully link remediation and site design include urban sprawl, outmigration from center cities, and the degraded landscapes left behind by the transition from an urban industrial economy to a suburban service economy.

23. Presented by The National Center for Eco-Industrial Development

24. Brownfield Remediation and Eco-Industrial Development • EID provides a framework for potential brownfield reuse and redevelopment to bring about economic development for the local community. • Development occurs through the recruiting of clean industries that place contaminated land back into more productive economic use. • Eco-Industrial strategy is to attract clean businesses by drawing on urban advantages such as market and customer access, nearby labor pools, transportation access and feedstock supplies to feed an eco-industrial strategy.

25. The Mission of the National Center for Eco-industrial Development is to facilitate job creation and sustainable industrial expansion in distressed communities around the nation by applying principles of industrial ecology; establishing eco-industrial parks, and expanding use of environmentally benign manufacturing processes and techniques.

26. Eco-Industrial Parks " By collectively managing environmental and energy issues, Eco-industrial park members can enhance their environmental and economic performance and, as a result, achieve a combined benefit that is greater than the benefits each company would realize from optimizing only it's individual performance." ECO-EFFICIENCY TASK FORCE REPORT, U.S. PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 1996

27. Eco-Industrial Park • An industrial park developed through the application of eco-industrial strategies such as: • Waste Heat Recovery

28. Cogeneration Natural Gas>>>>>Turbine >>>>>Electricity PLUS Capture of heat for industrial processes or for district heating or to generate more electricity

29. Eco-Industrial Park • An industrial park developed through the application of eco-industrial strategies such as: • Waste Heat Recovery • Cogeneration • By-Product Exchange • Green Building Development

30. Example of Eco-Industrial Development • Riverside Eco-Park in Burlington, Vermont • Jobs Generated: 422 • Costs Saved: $1,925,000 per year • Municipal Solid Waste Avoided: 32 tons per year • Waste Energy Recaptured: 111,600 BTUs per year

31. Economic Benefits for Companies • Cost Savings & Enhanced Competitiveness • Revenue Generation • Improved Opportunities for Investment • Access to New Technology • Improved Human Resources

32. Community Economic Benefits • Improved Business Attraction, Expansion, & Retention • Local Import Substitution • Brownfield Redevelopment • Reduced Infrastructure Development Costs • Improved Quality of Life

33. Environmental Benefits • Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions • Reduced Air Emissions & Improved Community Health • Promotion of Pollution Prevention & the 4 R’s (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover) • Improved Resource Conservation • Promotion of Green Technology • Increased Environmental Awareness • Regeneration of Green Space

34. Methodology:Environmental And Public Health Threats • Identified common Southern California industries • Identified chemicals typically found at brownfields sites formerly occupied by those industries • Summarized human health hazards for identified chemicals based on long-term exposures to low levels of contaminants.