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Avista Labs – Who We Are

Avista Labs – Who We Are. Backup Power Solution Provider Electrical Hardening 24 / 48 / 125 VDC Systems Resulting in: Increased Network Reliability Reduction in Overall Lifecycle Cost Utilizing PEM Fuel Cell Technology. PEM Fuel Cell: How It Works. Electrons from Hydrogen.

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Avista Labs – Who We Are

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  1. Avista Labs – Who We Are • Backup Power Solution Provider • Electrical Hardening • 24 / 48 / 125 VDC Systems • Resulting in: • Increased Network Reliability • Reduction in Overall Lifecycle Cost • Utilizing PEM Fuel Cell Technology

  2. PEM Fuel Cell: How It Works ElectronsfromHydrogen Electrical Load e- e- O2 H2 H+ e- Oxygen Molecules e- O2 H2 H+ e- H+ e- H+ O Water molecules forming Hydrogen Molecules + H - H+ e- H H O H+ - H + H+ H+ H Proton exchangemembrane electrolyte Catalyst/Electrode Catalyst/Electrode

  3. Modular, Cartridge-Based Design • Superior Reliability • Designed with the end-user in mind • Simple to operate • Easy to maintain • Air-cooled system • “Hot-swappable” cartridges • Failed membranes are bypassed • Load is not interrupted • Self-humidifying • Less balance of plant is required • Performance is optimized at the cartridge level • System performance/reliability not limited by the weakest membrane • In the event of a membrane failure: • Immediate action is not required • A cartridge can be changed out in less than one minute

  4. Hydrogen Basics • Hydrogen First Discovered 1766 - Henry Cavendish • Named for being a “water former” • 1 Proton, 1 Electron • H2 - Diatomic Molecule, 2 Protons, 2 Electrons • Colorless, Odorless, and has no Taste • Burns with a pale Blue Flame • Lightest Element in the Universe • H2 = 1Mol = 1.0016 Grams • Disperses Rapidly - 1/16 the Density of Air • Flammable from 4% to 75% Concentration (40,000 to 750,000ppm) • Non-Toxic • Environmentally Benign

  5. Hydrogen Safety • Applicable Codes & Standards • NFPA 50A - Standard for Gaseous Hydrogen Systems at Consumer Sites. • Covers the Storage of Hydrogen • ASME/ANSI B31.3 - Process Piping • Covers the Marking of Hydrogen • CGA G-5 - Hydrogen • Covers the Basics of Hydrogen • CGA G-5.4 - Standard for Hydrogen Piping Systems at Consumer Locations. • Covers the Design of Hydrogen Piping Systems • CGA G-5.5 - Hydrogen Vent Systems • Covers the Venting of Hydrogen

  6. 6” x 24” 33 cu-ft 29 lbs 1.0 kWh 6” x 37” 80 cu-ft 65 lbs 2.5 kWh 9” x 56” 197 cu-ft 125 lbs 6.1 kWh 9” x 60” 261 cu-ft 140 lbs 8.0 kWh Hydrogen Storage 261 CUF Hydrogen is sold in high pressure steel or aluminum bottles which come in many different sizes. The actual storage capacity is dependent on bottle volume and fill pressure. 197 CUF 80 CUF 60” Each kilowatt hour produced, requires 32 cubic feet of hydrogen 33 CUF Example Bottles Sizes:

  7. Independence 1000 Specifications • Output: 1000 watts, 48/24/125 VDC • Operating Cond: 0oC to 50oC • (-40oC to 50oC with enclosure) • Start Up: • 50% Power < 5 min @ 25C • 100% Power < 18 min @ 25C • Fuel Supply: Industrial grade H2 • Supply Pressure: 25 - 100 psi, • Size: 17.25”w x 20.5”h x 25.12”d • Weight: 147 lbs. • Operating Modes: • Battery Charger • Direct Power Supply

  8. Typical Site Back-Up Power System – Fuel Cell Backup Run Time Determined by Size / Capacity of Hydrogen Storage

  9. OPERATION Manual Start On/Off E-Stop Remote Start Low Voltage DC Start 52, 50, 48 or 46 VDC Setpoint Options Dry Contact Closure Loss of AC Power Logic Level Start INDICATION: Operational Contact Closure Minor Alarms: Fan Failure Cartridge Replacement Major Alarms: Failure to Operate Safety Fan Failure Inputs/Outputs

  10. Operational Characteristics • Start-UP • Dependent Upon Several Factors • Relative Humidity • Temperature • Perocity of Membranes • Initial Phase • 45 Seconds • Declassifying Electronics Bay • Sensor Warm-Up • Hydrogen Initiation • 50% Power within 5 Minutes • 100% Power within 18 minutes

  11. Product Certifications • ANSI Z21.83 - Standard for Fuel Cell Power Plants > 50kW • Safety • Performance • CSA FC1 - Updated ANSI Z21.83 - Stationary Fuel Cell Systems • CE - Tested • EMC: • EN50165, clause 19.101 • EN61000-6-2 • EN61000-6-3 • Safety: • EN60204-1 Part 1 edition 4.1

  12. Maintenance: Independence 1000 • Periodic Cycling • Recommended 1/month for 20 minutes • Membrane Hydration • Operational Verification • Filter Inspection • Biannually, or Every 100 Hours of Operation • Main Air Intake Filter • Electronics Bay Filter

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