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Explore the characteristics of magma, different types of lava, and volcanic materials in this educational video. Learn about viscosity, pahoehoe, aa, lahars, pillow lava, pyroclastic material, felsic and mafic magmas, and more.

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  1. Definitions Section 9.2

  2. Magma and Erupted Materials • Viscosity: A substance’s resistance to flow (high viscosity = honey, low = water) • Lava: Magma that reaches Earth’s surface

  3. Pahoehoe: Solidified basaltic lava flow on land that has formed with smooth, ropelike surfaces Aa: A solidified basaltic lava flow on land that has formed with rough, jagged surfaces

  4. Lahar: a fast-moving mudflow that occurs when heat of a volcano melts the snow and ice on top of a volcano • Pillow Lava: Lava that cools underwater, taking on a distinctive pillow-like shape as it hardens

  5. Pyroclastic material: solid rock fragments that are ejected during a volcanic eruption Pyroclastic flow: A dense, superheated cloud of gases and pyroclastic materials that moves rapidly downhill from a volcanic eruption

  6. Felsic and Mafic Magmas • Felsic (Feldspar Silica) magma: light-colored, high silica, low density, slow moving and typically come out of explosive volcanoes • Mafic (Magnesium ferric) magma: darker in color, low silica, high density, more fluid, and flow more easily. Usually flows smoothly onto the surface

  7. Characteristics of Magma

  8. Please copy this chart in your notes

  9. Video: Volcanoes 101-NatGeohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDy28QtdYJYMt. Etna

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