Warm Up – Practice MSL Questions

1. Warm Up – Practice MSL Questions • In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions established what precedent? • The right of citizens to nullify federal laws • The right of the federal government to nullify state laws • The right of states to nullify federal laws • What was a common theme among the writers of the Transcendentalist movement? • Religion • Individuality • conformity • What was a result of the Second Great Awakening? • Abolitionists suffered setbacks in their goals • Working class values of temperance and a strong work ethic became unpopular • Reformers were inspired to resolve slaver and other social ill’s, including women’s rights • Which of the following is most likely a result of the US victory in the Battle of New Orleans? • Nationalism surged • The British become the dominant military in North America • The resistance of Native Americans is strengthened

2. Do Now • Turn to a partner & share: • Imagine the last argument you had with a friend, family member, etc. (or the last break-up!) • Describe the argument (what was it about, how did it end) • Now reflect, did the argument happen over just one single issue? OR was it after a series of other things that person did to get on your nerves?

3. The Long Road to Civil War

4. North and South Economies Northern economy ~ manufacturing based Southern economy ~ agriculture based Factory versus Farm

5. Slavery in the SouthFears of Southern whites • Mississippi, Louisiana, South Carolina ~ Slaves were in the majority • Alabama, Georgia, Florida ~ Slaves made up ½ the population • Fear that the abolition of slavery would lead to a revolution that would doom the South: • “…to the greatest calamity, and the [South] to poverty, desolation, and wretchedness.”

7. Failed Compromises • A series of compromises failed to solve the issues of slavery and states' rights for the long term • Compromise of 1820 (Missouri Compromise) • Wilmot Proviso • Compromise of 1850

9. Missouri Compromise (1820) • Maine admitted as free state • Missouri admitted as a slave • Preserves sectional balance in the senate b/w slave states and free states • Louisiana Territory divided in ½ @ the 36”30’ • North of the line is free • South of the line is slave

10. Wilmot Proviso (1846) • Failed proposal to BAN all slavery in any territory acquired from the Mexican-American War

12. Compromise of 1850 • California admitted to the Union as a free state • Utah and New Mexico territories decide about slavery • Sale of slaves banned in D.C. • Fugitive Slave Act required people in free states to help capture and return escaped slaves • Establishes Popular Sovereignty POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY: Idea that voters in a territory- not Congress- should decide whether or not to allow slavery there

15. Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) • Divides territory in ½ • Nebraska to the North • Kansas to the South • Repeals the Missouri Compromise • Tests the policy of popular sovereignty

16. Bleeding Kansas • Who: Violence between pro-slavery and Abolitionists settlers • When: lasts from 1854 until war breaks out • What: Ongoing fighting over the issue of whether Kansas would be slave or free. • Example: John Brown and his sons pulled five settlers from their homes and butchered them to death with swords in Pottawatamie Creek, Kansas

19. Uncle Tom’s Cabin • 1852 book by Harriet Beecher Stowe on the conditions of slavery • emphasized the emotional aspect and break up of families • When Lincoln met Stowe, he said “so this is the little lady that started this great war.”

20. Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) His slave master brought him to live for a time in free territory and the free state of Illinois, but eventually returned to Missouri (slave state). Dred Scott felt that because he had lived in a free territory, he should be free. Decision: Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were not and could never be citizens. Dred Scott had no right to even file a lawsuit and remained enslaved. Question: How does this case relate to the case of Marbury v. Madison?

21. Lincoln for Senator • 1858 ~ Illinois Republicans chose Abraham Lincoln to run for senator of Illinois against Stephen A. Douglas Lincoln stated: “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free.”

22. Lincoln vs. Douglas Debates 5’4” Stephen A. Douglas 1858 campaign for Illinois senator 6’4” Abraham Lincoln

23. Lincoln Slavery is immoral Slavery cannot extend into the new territories Douglas Popular sovereignty is better Slavery would eventually end on it’s own Lincoln-Douglas Debates ** Significance: Lincoln puts his name on the map and becomes the Republican nominee for President

24. Emergence of Lincoln’s Party: The Republicans • Includes: • Free Soilers (no slavery in new territories) • Abolitionists • Whigs (support Big Business and manufacturing) • Northern “Know Nothings” (anti-immigrant party)

25. Birth of the Republican Party Horace Greeley describes the new party: “[The Republicans] have the heart, the conscience and the understanding of the people with them…All that is noble, all that is true, all that is pure, all that is manly, and estimable in human character, goes to swell the power of the anti-slavery party of the North.” The Republican Party formed in opposition to the Kansas Nebraska Act

26. Election of 1860

27. Election of 1860

28. Lincoln’s First Inaugural • “In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you…. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect, and defect.” • What is the leading issue heading into the Civil War for the nation? • If you were in the shoes of Abraham Lincoln, how would you address the major nation-splitting issue of slavery? What would you do to try to reconcile the nation?

29. Lincoln’s First Inaugural • “I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature”

31. Long-Term Causes Conflict over Slavery in territories Economic differences b/w North and South Tariffs of 1816, 1828, 1832 Conflict b/w states’ rights and Fed. Control Tariffs, slavery Immediate Cause Election of Lincoln South feels that their political voice will no longer be heard Secession of Southern States Firing on Ft. Sumter Causes of Civil War

32. Foldable • Now, using a sheet of computer paper, you will create a foldable that illustrates 6 of the major causes of the Civil War. On the front you will illustrate it, then inside it should contain a description as well as HOW it led to the Civil War “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” Bestseller by Harriet Beecher Stowe It’s depictions of slavery created much controversy. Northern abolitionists were energized, while southerners reacted with hatred.