Grammar

1. Grammar V-ing作主语和宾语

2. 非谓语动词的三种形式 doing done to do

3. 什么情况下使用非谓语？ 一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时，这个动词要用非谓语形式。 She got off the bus, butleft her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. As he was educated by the Party, he became a great fighter. Educatedby the Party, he became a great fighter.

4. Pick out the sentences using nonfinite verb:V-ing as either the subject or the object

5. 1:Since then ,finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2:As a young man ,he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 3 Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. subject object object

6. 4:Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means cery little to him. 5:Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. subject subject

7. 一．作主语 ①直接置于句首 1) 读书增长我们的知识. _______________widens our knowledge 2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 __________________is very important for me． 3)说比做容易。 ______________________________. V–ing 作主语或宾语 Readingbooks Learningnew words Talking is easier than doing.

8. ②用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。②用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。 和Nike争辩是没有什么用的。 It is useless __________________Nike． 这事值得去做。 It’s worthwhilemaking the effort． 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 It is pleasant_____________________. trying to arguewith working with you．

9. 归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做、、、是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做、、、是没益/用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做、、、不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做、、、是值得的 There is no doing 无法、、、， 不允许、、、

10. There is no sense in doing 做、、、没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干、、、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、、、更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干、、、无意义 我们不知道要去哪儿。 There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing.

11. 注意：There is no need to do sth 干、、、没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.. 没有必要告诉她。 There is no need to tell her.

12. 注 如果V-ing 有自己的逻辑主语，形式为 1.my/his/her...+doing 2.名词's+doing 3.me/him/us...+doing 4.名词+doing ___________________made Mr Smith angry. His being late made Mr Smith angry. Would you mind_____________________? Would you mind Tom’s / Tom smoking? 主语 宾语 Tom’s being late my / me smoking

13. 二. V-ing作宾语的用法 1．可接动名词作宾语的动词： 避免错过少延期 avoid miss postpone 建议完成多练习 advise finish practise 喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy imagine can’t help 承认否定与嫉妒 admit deny envy 逃避冒险莫原谅 escape risk excuse 忍受保持莫介意 stand keep mind

14. 2.动词短语跟-ing形式作宾语：insist on, keep (on), look forward to, pay attention to, put off, stick to, object to, lead to, give up, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth 等等。 eg:我不能不去。 I can’t avoid going． 你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered looking for one special friend?

15. 【考例】 I can't imagine __________ that with them． A. do           B. to do C. being done    D. doing

16. She looks forward every spring to __________ the flower-lined garden． A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 解析：考查短语动词look forward to 后跟动名词作宾语的用法。

17. 3. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟V-ing作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We don't allow smoking here． We don't allow anybody to smoke here．

18. Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋该修理了。 注意:当 need, want, require, worth后面接doing也可以表示被动。 _______________________________. 你的头发该理了。____________________________. 地板需要冲洗。 Your hair wants cutting. The floor requires washing.

19. 4.动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。 forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

20. forget doing忘记做过某事 forget to do 忘记要做某事 remember doing记得做过某事 remember to do 记住要做某事 regret doing 后悔做了某事 regret to do 很遗憾要做某事

21. mean doing 意味着要做某事 mean to do 想要做某事 go on doing 继续做原来做的事 go on to do 接着做另一件事 stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始 做某事

22. can't help doing 禁不住做某事 can't help to do 不能帮助做某事 try doing 试着做某事 try to do 努力做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事

23. 【考例】 — Let's have a rest． — Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet． A. study          B. to study C. for studying    D. studying 解析：stop studying意为“停止学习”。

24. — Let me tell you something about the journalists． — Don't you remember ________ me the story yesterday？ A. told       B. telling C. to tell   D. to have told 解析: remember telling me意为 “记得曾经告诉过我”。

25. Excersice 1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired

26. 2. Have you forgotten ___$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember ____ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing

27. 3. The classroom wants _____. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning 4. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited

28. 5. My brother keeps ___ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 6. We should often practise ___ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking

29. 7. Keep on ____ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying 8. His parents insist on ___ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go

30. 9. The story was so funny that we ___. A. couldn’t help laugh B. can’t but laugh C. couldn’t help laughing D. couldn’t help but to laugh

31. 10. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth ______. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it 11. He devoted his life to _____ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied

32. 12. We are both looking forward to __ next week. A. going on vocation(休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation

33. 13. You must pay attention to ___ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read 14. You should work tonight instead of _____ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watching

34. 15. The microscope is used for__ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine 16. Mike has got used ___ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. X C. to sitting D. sitting

35. 17. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating 18. We are now busy _____ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared

36. 19. I remembered ____ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. having been seen C. seen D. to see 20. I regret ____ that to her. A. having said B. to have said C. to say D. X

37. Homework: 1:Review the notes 2:Do the exercise of execise book p41-42