Addressing and Managing Illegal Dumps in Indian Country May 24-26, 2011 Portland, OR

1. Addressing and Managing Illegal Dumps in Indian CountryMay 24-26, 2011Portland, OR Session 7 Funding and Sustainability Roberta Tohannie ITEP

2. FUNDING AND SUSTAINING YOUR PROGRAM

3. Cost and Budget Considerations • Think about the costs that are associated with illegal dumping: • Site investigations • Clean up and monitoring • Prevention • Develop a checklist - State of California Waste Management program – illegal dumping site: http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/LEA/Training/IllegalDump/2009AprMay/default.htm Sample checklist from above website

4. Cost and Budget Considerations • Staff salaries, benefits, insurance, and training • Equipment (rent or buy) for office and/or field • Signs, fencing, monitoring and re-vegetation • Outreach materials (paper, ink, design time, etc.) • Assessment costs (mileage, time, GPS, GIS) • Clean-up costs (time, equipment, storage, disposal) • Closure costs (usually ongoing) • See sample cost analyses in your manual in the document, “Technical Advice for Cleanup of Accumulated Waste Sites on Tribal Lands”, Session 6 Tab

5. Cost and Budget Considerations SOURCE: http://www.epa.gov/reg5rcra/wptdiv/illegal_dumping/index.html IDEA Guidebook: http://www.epa.gov/reg5rcra/wptdiv/illegal_dumping/downloads/ideausersguide.pdf

6. Cost and Budget Considerations Tribal Solid Waste Program Costing Tool Although not a tool specifically for illegal dumping, it could assist in assessing costs for preventive measures and reducing waste. http://www.epa.gov/region9/waste/tribal/pdf/Tribal-Solid-Waste-Program-Costing-Tool.pdf

7. Cost and Budget Considerations Other Resources: • Grant writing tips - Attend a grant writing workshop if unsure about how to write a grant – or if new to the job - EPA Grants and Debarment http://www.epa.gov/ogd/recipient/tips.htm • Request for Proposals (RFPs) - How to respond to a RFP when announcement is made - How to prepare and submit a RFP for contractual work

8. Types of Funding Available

9. Grants and Loans • US EPA: Tribal Solid Waste Management Assistance Project • Characterize/Assess Open Dumps • Develop ISWMP and/or Codes • Develop Alternative Waste Management Systems • Cleanup and Closure of Open Dumps • Some Things EPA is Going to Look For if You Need Money for Dumps: • Do you have an ISWMP in place? • Do you have properly trained staff to do the work? • How are you going to properly dispose of the waste? • What is the background of the dump? • Proposed budgets, financial constraints, etc.

10. Grants and Loans • US EPA • General Assistance Program (GAP) Grant • Community Action for a Renewed Environment (CARE) • Brownfields (OSWER) – cleanup grants and loans • Environmental Justice (usually small and targeted) • CWA Section 319 (Nonpoint Source Pollution) • AIEO: www.epa.gov/tribalportal/grantsandfunding/topic-waste.htm • Region 9: www.epa.gov/region09/waste/tribal/funding.html

11. Grants and Loans • USDA • - Solid Waste Management Grants (communities under 10,000 individuals) • - Water and Waste Loans and Grants (usually require matching funds for grants) • - Community Facilities Grant • IHS (some of their money goes through the Tribal Solid Waste Interagency Working Group) • BIA • Housing and Urban Development (HUD) • United States Geological Survey (USGS)

12. Grants and Loans • States • A growing number of State governments have funding to tackle illegal dumping – it is worth checking with your State’s environmental department • Private Foundations • McKnight Foundation (www.mcknight.org) • Businesses • Many companies, in order to “green up”, are providing small grants to help communities deal with waste

13. Tribal Funds • Revenues from tribal enterprises • Casino profits • Waste collection fees • Businesses licenses • Permit fees (fishing, recreation, hunting, etc.) • Other tribes • Some tribes with larger casino and business operations provide grants and loans to other tribes

14. Volunteer and/or Service Labor • Local groups seeking community service opportunities • - Utilize existing service organizations, clubs, churches, and organizations • - Consider helping to set up special groups that can focus on beautification projects • “Sentence-to-Serve” • - Many law enforcement and corrections entities are interested in programs allowing people to work off their time or sentences • School groups • - All ages, from K-12 through local colleges • Doesn’t have to be just clean up – can help grow plants or trees for • re-vegetation • Businesses, Culture Centers, and Tribal government • - Look for opportunities to involve local businesses, Cultural Centers, and other tribal agencies in cleanup and prevention activities

15. Strategies and Partnerships for Sustainability

16. Strategies and Partnerships for Sustainability • Having the staff and money in hand is only part of the solution to building a sustainable illegal dump management program • What else do you need to keep the program going? • Consider the following: - Potential Challenges - Priorities (assessing dumps) and Organization - Measuring Success

17. Strategies and Partnerships for Sustainability Potential Challenges: • Who does what? Be clear and consistent. • Assigning tasks can be highly problematic sometimes. Which department tackles which part of illegal dump management? • Review job descriptions, ISWMP, and/or Environmental Inventory/Plan for clarification of staff and departmental responsibilities • Are your staff members thoroughly trained? • Do they have the right equipment? • Do they know how to use it? • Do you have grant imposed deadlines? • Do your tribal leaders have specific dates in mind for cleanup? • Are you prepared for emergencies?

18. Strategies and Partnerships for Sustainability Priorities • Critical priorities: Which dumps are an immediate threat to the health and well-being of your land and community? • Non-critical: Which dumps are unsightly, a nuisance, or could be a threat to health in the future? Organization • Establish your goals – key to recognizing timelines and progress • Delegation of tasks – in writing • Use of working groups to help ensure communication and spread the workload • Writing of reports – for tribal leaders and for future staff (they are not just for project officers anymore)

19. Strategies and Partnerships for Sustainability Measuring Success • Create a timeline of when priorities will be achieved • Note successes • Track challenges and missteps • Develop measurable outcomes that can be used to verify success, as well as help future decision makers • How are your goals related to your codes and compliance/enforcement activities?

20. Tribal Government Support • Conduct a guided tour of the dump sites • Raise the awareness of endangerment to • public and environmental health • Explain the threat to economics (e.g. tourism) by the unsightly dumps; the dumps could present a poor or bad image of the tribe or community • If possible, share your reports or findings with council members

21. Community Assistance & Support