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Communists Take Power. China. Chinese Political Opponents 1945. Chinese Political Opponents 1945. Chinese Political Opponents 1945. Chinese Political Opponents 1945. Chinese Political Opponents 1945. Chinese Political Opponents 1945. Two Chinas.
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Communists Take Power China
Two Chinas • Communists defeated Nationalists and took over country • Nationalist China- Taiwan Communist China- Mainland
Super Powers • US supported Taiwan • Soviets supported Mainland (Communist)
Communist China Expands • Mao took Tibet, India, and Inner Mongolia • Tibet- 1950-52 promised autonomy to Tibetans, but forced Dali Lama into exile in India where many refugees were accepted after a failed revolt in 1959
Marxist Socialism • Agrarian Reform Law 1950 seized land from landholders (killed more than a million) and divided land among the peasants • Nationalized private companies • 1953- A five year plan for industry production to increase
Great Leap Forward • 1958-Large collective farms called Communes • Peasants worked land together • Owned nothing- ate, slept, and lived with one another • “A Giant Step Backward”- no incentive to work hard
Cultural Revolution • Mao urged students to make revolution • Red Guards wanted to establish a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal • Intellectuals were dangerous so colleges were shut down and intellectuals were forced to do hard labor • Eventually the army was ordered to stop the Red Guards