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Increasing Energy Access while mitigating climate change Case for Energy Efficiency

Increasing Energy Access while mitigating climate change Case for Energy Efficiency. PAUL KIRAI National Project Manager, GEF-KAM ENERGY PROJECT - Kenya At the e-parliament November 2006, Ol Tukai Lodge - Amboseli. Accessibility factors.

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Increasing Energy Access while mitigating climate change Case for Energy Efficiency

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  1. Increasing Energy Access while mitigating climate changeCase forEnergy Efficiency PAUL KIRAI National Project Manager, GEF-KAM ENERGY PROJECT - Kenya At the e-parliament November 2006, Ol Tukai Lodge - Amboseli

  2. Accessibility factors • Availability – scarce energy recourses, distance, • Cost, affordability - Prohibitive acquisition and maintenance costs • Awareness – Not knowing options • Large population in Asia and sub-Sahara Africa rely primarily on biomass fuel

  3. Need for “new Power”

  4. Options for increasing Energy Access Generate More Energy Improve distribution Reduce Demand

  5. Constraints to Availability • Power sector • Inefficient Generation, • Distribution Losses – Up to 23% • End use Losses – Up to 40% • Wood fuel Sector • Poor production efficiency 15-30% (Uncontrolled and illegal operations) • Inefficient end use - stoves • Same for petroleum Sector • Losses contribute to scarcity and price increase

  6. Electricity Losses

  7. Energy Intensity Vs GDP

  8. Energy Elasticity

  9. Kenya Energy Scenario • High Biomass Use • Dependence on imported petroleum products for Industry and Transport. Represents close to 30 % of Kenya’s total import bill. Meets 90% of commercial energy demand

  10. Kenya Energy Scenario • Shortfall in hydro electricity generation resulting in increased thermal generation - Large Commercial and industrial consume 60% of electricity generated. • Wastage of energy ranges between 10% and 30% of primary energy input

  11. Energy Saving Potential Estimated energy saving potential in Kenya for selected sub-sectors

  12. Introducing energy efficiency in industryThe GEF-KAM Project . Institutional Development and Sustainability Financial Mechanisms Capacity Building Awareness

  13. Adoption in Industry

  14. Where are the Energy Savings coupled with attitude change Technology Upgrade

  15. Capacity Utilization- Drying Ovens Flue gas @ 310 DegC Excess air: 15-20% Exhaust gas @ 140 DegC Damper The primer drier can accommodate 2 trolleys If size is reduced, it can accommodate 3 Filters Air Size of the drier Hot air 3500 11000 mm For the present operation, only one oven Out of 3 ovens will be sufficient Savings in IDO: 22%

  16. Steam Pr: 7 bar. G Flue Gases Temp: 247 Deg C %O2; 11.8 %CO2: 6.7 CO: 1100 ppm Air Temp: 30 Deg C Feed Water Temp: 85 Deg C Furnace oil Temp: Above 120 degC Boiler no.1 3000 lbs/hr Issues: Very high Excess air (90-100%) Very high flue gas temperature Very high CO percentage High FO temp Boiler efficiency: 75.4% Excess air: 120% Dry Flue gas losses: 17.8% Moisture losses: 5.2% Radiation losses: 2 % Blowdown losses: 0 Fine tuning – Boiler excess air control Before adjustment

  17. Technology Upgrade - Waste heat recovery Recover Waste heat from the flue gases • FG temp can be at 170 Deg C • Hot water may be generated • For use in process Savings potential: 1.2 million KSh per year (6%) Investment: 0.6 million KSh Pay back: 6 months Steam to process Boiler-1 3 TPH Flue gas at 230 to 270 Deg C Steam to process Boiler-2 3 TPH Flue gas at 230 to 270 Deg C F.O Steam to process Boiler-2 3 TPH Flue gas at 280 to 300 Deg C

  18. Practical energy savings Energy efficiency measures Lowering of energy intensities in a textile plant in Kenya

  19. “Realized” Power from GEF-KAM Project Energy Savings 115,000Toe or 1,198 GWh in 4yrs – worth US$22m Represents 1/4 of annual electricity consumption or a Equivalent to 140MW generation plant operating for 1 Yr This available Power!! CO2 Savings estimates 5 years - 580,000 tonnes @ $5.50 per tonne, 15 years - 5.27 million tonnes @US$ 0.6 per tonne

  20. “New” Energy from Demand Reduction Energy Units 25% Time 25% reduction in energy consumption

  21. Some Benefits of Energy Efficiency • Availability of energy at 1/3 cost of new generation • Lower environmental impacts • Reduce Foreign Exchange Expenditures • Keep and Create Jobs • Contribute to Poverty reduction

  22. Challenges for Policy • Promoting Energy Efficiency at all levels • Making the “saved” energy available for increasing access to energy • Managing Rebound effect (protecting the gains) • Up-scaling to all sectors of the economy • Lack of targets, and standards

  23. Policy Suggestions • Establish legislation to promote and improve efficiency • Generation – Set Targets (Lts/KW) • Distribution (low losses) • Utilization of Energy • Introduce Energy Standards and Labels • Introduce incentive schemes • Mainstream Energy Efficiency into policy and energy policy and programmes. • Build capacity

  24. Engage all stakeholders public-private partnership

  25. Thank You

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