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PSY 471 History of Psychology

PSY 471 History of Psychology. Dr. Susan Davis SJ 325 Susan.Davis@notes.udayton.edu. Calendar of Events Our own local history website. The Matrix. A look at a fundamental philosophical issue What is reality? How do we know what is real? Are there different realities?

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PSY 471 History of Psychology

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  1. PSY 471History of Psychology Dr. Susan Davis SJ 325 Susan.Davis@notes.udayton.edu

  2. Calendar of Events Our own local history website

  3. The Matrix • A look at a fundamental philosophical issue • What is reality? • How do we know what is real? • Are there different realities? • What causes different realities? • What’s the problem if we all have different realities?

  4. Beginning Concepts In the History of Modern Psychology

  5. Major Philosophical Questions… • What is reality and how do we know it? • How can we tell reality from illusion? • How do we acquire knowledge? • What influences our behavior? • What is the nature and the locus of the mind? • Are the mind and body separate and distinct? Parallel? Interactive: inseparable?

  6. Scoping in on Psychology’s Past • Data of history vs. the data of science • Case histories • Lost or suppressed data • Distortions of data through translation • Self-serving data

  7. Effect of External Forces • The Zeitgeist: contextual forces • Social • Economic • Political • Other • Economic opportunities • War as context • Prejudice and discrimination: gender, ethnicity

  8. Conceptions of Scientific History • Personalistic Theory • “The person makes the times” or “Great-Man”—unique person—perspective • Naturalistic Theory • “The times make the person”

  9. Which theory of scientific history-- personalistic or naturalistic-- seems best to be exemplified by the following quote? Why?

  10. Connectedness……. “Each individual effort is an eddy in the total stream of science; and we shall become much wiser, get much nearer the truth, if we remember to look at the stream as a whole and notice the eddies only as they contribute to the sweep of the main current.”E.G. Boring

  11. Schools of Thought • Wundt • Common problems, orientation • Function

  12. Kuhn’s Philosophy of Science • The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1970) Paradigm: a model • Paradigmatic stage: unity • Paradigm shift: scientific “revolution” • Pre-paradigmatic stage: where we are now

  13. Socrates (c470-399 BC) Rationalism Cosmoscognition Plato (427-347 BC) Dualism Nativism Doctrine of Reminiscence Theory of “Forms” = ideas Individual differences “veined marble Aristotle (384-323 BC) Monism Doctrine of psyche Rational versus sensitive souls Empiricism “tabula rasa” Principles of association Scientific method How did the early Greeks “address” the major issues?

  14. The Genealogy of Ideas:A preview • Plato  Rene Descartes Immanuel Kant Francis Galton G. Stanley Hall Lewis Terman • Aristotle John Locke James Mill  John Stuart Mill John Watson B.F. Skinner • UnderwoodJahnke DavisUnderwood

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