Summary

1. Summary CREW SYSTEMS FOR ASTEROID EXPLORATION Steve Stich, Mark McDonald Join the discussion and send questions to:#AsteroidCrew

2. Initial Crewed Mission Guiding Principles LAS • Define concepts for Crewed Mission to ARV/Asteroid including tools and techniques for mission and define mission extensibility options for future missions. • Guiding Principles For Feasibility Study: • Minimize changes to Orion which led to mission kit concept • Utilize SLS Block I Configuration for Orion launch vehicle • Affordability key consideration in every design trade • Utilize robotic spacecraft for Extra-Vehicular Activity (EVA) augmentation (e.g. tool stowage, handholds) • Provide capabilities that enhance future exploration goals Orion Spacecraft Orion S/C Adapter (MSA) Interim CPS (ICPS) Launch Vehicle Spacecraft Adapter (LVSA) (cutaway shown) Core Stage 5 Segment SRB NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •#AsteroidCrew

3. Key Discussion Areas • Extensibility for Exploration • Anchor Technique Trades   • Translation and EVA Tools Trades • Additional Mass Delivery for Utilization NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

4. 1. Extensibility • Goal: Build upon available elements to create an exploration plan in support of Global Exploration Roadmap • Extensibility platform assembled using available assets within NASA, commercial industry and international partners NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

5. Notional Extensibility Plan Mars/Deep Space Excursions Adding components over time create a platform capable of continued asteroid utilization, and future exploration EM1 EM2 ARRM ARCM Asteroid Utilization ARCUM Lunar Excursions

6. 1. Extensibility-Workshop Ideas Providing additional capability beyond Orion significantly enhances extensibility. Upfront design considerations for hardware flexibility are crucial for efficiency of development. External stowage (pantry) on Orion can add additional necessary volume for increased mission flexibility. The use of an “exploration module” allows for longer missions with increased capabilities for new functions. Can also serve as abort location. Node/PAF-based Module NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

7. 1. Extensibility Adding capability early into ARV can reduce requirements on Orion and future missions. Augments direct exploration of the asteroid – e.g. robotic arm on ARV and enhances exploration Affordability likely to be the key driver in the initial path forward Balance of safety, flexibility, performance, and cost Designing for servicing and serviceability NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

8. 2. Anchor Techniques Robotic anchoring techniques have commonality and cross-application to crew tools, such as drilling. Innovative suite of ideas were discussed for anchoring techniques, both for vehicle, as well as for crew and tools. NASA continues to develop the EVA concepts we will utilize testing in various labs such as the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory to improve our understanding of the integrated system of mobility suits and tools. NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

9. 3. Translation and EVA Tools Nature of the asteroid will be unknown, requiring flexibility and wide range of tools and techniques. Session discussed the various tasks; capture of rock, anchoring, surface sampling, drilling, sample storage. Broad range of ideas and techniques which will allow the community to move forward and further refine the mission design, EVA techniques and crew training. Broad agreement that we must leveraging previous experience and flight proven design to expedite development, increase reliability, and reduce risk. NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

10. 3. Translation and EVA Tools Tools/Toolboxes/sample containers NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

11. 3. Translation and EVA Tools Existing robotic arm developments from Canadarm2, Dextre, Shuttle, and DARPA FREND. Telescoping Boom, translation aids Properly designed robotic tools such as arms can augment EVA crew member efficiency NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

12. 4. Additional Mass Delivery for Utilization • Efficient Packaging is a must. • To effectively optimize mass, must have a high degree of knowledge regarding the task that will be performed. • Start with general-purpose tools until we improve our understanding. • EVA requirements drive mass, but advance extensibility goals. • Using robotics prior to EVA increases efficiencies and preserves Orion mass accommodations NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

13. 4. Additional Mass Delivery for Utilization • Optimization of functionality across elements: Orion, ARV, Exploration Module. • Focus on the design strengths of each • Optimizing functionality across serial missions • Prioritize global efficiencies • Using high fidelity simulations will help improve technique selection, mission design, training, testing, etc… • Affordability a key driver for initial designs NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis •  #AsteroidCrew

14. Summary A rich set of extensibility ideas were presented and discussed during the session that will help NASA and the broader community to not only design forward capabilities into these missions but to also increase our utilization of the asteroid itself. The Asteroid mission should be a stepping stone in our capability driven framework to enable future exploration both for ourselves and our partners. Maintaining upfront flexibility in hardware design will be important as we move forward with various extensibility options. Should leverage existing systems and flight experience to reduce risk and cost while expediting development NASA Asteroid Initiative Idea Synthesis • #NASAasteroid