1 / 11

T he Growing Threat of Antibiotic Resistance

T he Growing Threat of Antibiotic Resistance. Lilian Peake, MD, MPH State Epidemiologist Office of Epidemiology Virginia Department of Health September 2019. Burden of Antibiotic Resistance. 2 million Americans infected with bacteria resistant to antibiotics every year 23,000 die.

shina
Download Presentation

T he Growing Threat of Antibiotic Resistance

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Growing Threat of Antibiotic Resistance Lilian Peake, MD, MPH State Epidemiologist Office of Epidemiology Virginia Department of Health September 2019

  2. Burden of Antibiotic Resistance • 2 million Americans infected with bacteria resistant to antibiotics every year • 23,000 die • National priority • U.S. National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria • United Nations General Assembly High-Level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance

  3. National Goals • Slow the emergence of resistant bacteria • Strengthen One-Healthsurveillance • Advance development of laboratory testing • Accelerate development of new drugs and vaccines • Improve international collaboration and capacity

  4. National Strategies • Improve antibiotic stewardship in healthcare settings • Eliminate use of medically-important antibiotics for growth promotion in food animals • Improve lab testing, research and surveillance • Create regional public health laboratory network • Establish a specimen repository and sequence database

  5. Surveillance • 2016 - CDC Antibiotic Resistance (AR) Laboratory Network • Rapidly detect AR in healthcare, food and community • Inform local response to prevent spread • 7 regional public health laboratories • Mid-Atlantic = Maryland

  6. Emerging Pathogens Incidencein Virginia • 1. Carbapenemase-producing organisms • 214 clinical cases (April 2018 – June 2019) • 2. Candida auris • 1 clinical case (2018), 1 colonized case (2019) • 3. Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus • 4. Organisms with novel resistance mechanisms • 5. Pan-resistant organisms

  7. Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms • Carbapenem • “Last-line” antibiotic class - usually reserved for severe or multi-drug resistant infections Carbapenemase • Enzyme that some bacteria produce • 5 carbapenemase genes have been discovered in bacteria • Enzyme inactivates carbapenem antibiotics

  8. Candida auris Type of fungus (yeast) • Discovered in 2009 • Causes serious infections Lack of knowledge among providers Limited treatment options • >90% are resistant to first-line drug • 2 pan-resistant cases (US) Transmission • Persists for weeks on surfaces • Colonizes skin, other sites • Typical cleaning solutions not effective • Can spread readily in healthcare settings Virginia case – 2018 • Delays in diagnosis and reporting

  9. Public Health Approach System to ensure adherence to infection control measures

  10. Benefit of Public Health Approach No Containment Strategy Containment Strategy % E.coli and K. pneumoniaewith extended spectrum beta-lactamases % E. coli and K. pneumoniaeresistant to carbapenems 15% 2%

  11. VDH Actions • Added Candida auris and CPOs to list of reportable conditions • Implementing CDC guidance - Public Health Response to Contain Novel or Targeted Multidrug-resistant Organisms • Specimens tested at DCLS Regional ARLN • Proactive onsite infection control assessments at healthcare facilities • Guidance – website, newletters, Clinician letter • U.S. Antimicrobial Resistance Challenge

More Related