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Sports Injuries

Sports Injuries. Dr Christopher Tong Sports Medicine Specialists 8/F AON China Building 29 Queens Road Central Hong Kong. Today’s talk. Overview of sports medicine Review of anatomy General principles of sports injuries management including clinical examination lower limb injuries.

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Sports Injuries

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  1. Sports Injuries Dr Christopher Tong Sports Medicine Specialists 8/F AON China Building 29 Queens Road Central Hong Kong

  2. Today’s talk • Overview of sports medicine • Review of anatomy • General principles of sports injuries management including clinical examination • lower limb injuries

  3. Anatomy and Function

  4. Symptoms of Meniscal tear • Symptoms • Pain • Locking • Knee swelling • Signs • Knee effusion • Joint line tenderness • Apley grinding test • McMurray test

  5. Finished Product

  6. Acute Knee Injury

  7. Clinical Problem Clinical Examination (Anatomical Knowledge Needed) Diagnosis

  8. Common Structures Damaged • Cruciate ligaments • Collateral ligaments • Menisci • Nerve (common peroneal)

  9. Knee Arthroscopy

  10. Normal ACL Ruptured ACL

  11. Knee Arthroscopy

  12. Management of acute knee injuries • Rest • Ice • Compression • Elevation • Complete examination to diagnose structures damaged • MRI or arthroscopy

  13. Cartilage Injuries

  14. The Challenge

  15. Drilling

  16. Replacement • Osteochondral graft • autograft, mosaicplasty, OATS • allograft

  17. Ankle Sprains

  18. Ankle Sprain Ankle Sprain

  19. Acute Management ? C C I ? E R ?

  20. Common Peroneal Nerve Function • Sensory • Motor • Anterior compartment (deep peroneal nerve) • Lateral compartment (superficial peroneal nerve)

  21. My Work • PWH Orthopaedics Sports Team • Knee and shoulder surgery 80% • Foot and Ankle surgery 20% • Hong Kong Sports Institute • Honorary Sports Medicine Consultant • Care of HK elite athletes

  22. Scope of Sports Medicine • Sports injuries and management • Sports psychology • Sports nutrition • Physical conditioning and training • Doping • Medical aspects of sports medicine • Rehabilitation • Sports physiology

  23. Multidisciplinary Team • Sports physician • Orthopaedic surgeon • Sports psychologist • Sports nutritionist • Coaches • Physiotherapists • Sports physiologist

  24. Sports physician • Overall care of athlete • Medical aspects • Non-operative aspects of sports injuries • Team doctor and travel medicine • Liaison role with other specialists

  25. Sports psychology • Enhance performance • 100 m sprinter vs. Olympic archer • Injury prevention and rehabilitation • Tools: • Relaxation techniques • Goal setting • Visualization

  26. Sports nutritionist • Macronutrients • CHO, lipids, protein • Micronutrients • Vitamins, minerals, antioxidants • Fluid balance • Supplements • Creatine, bicarbonates, caffeine

  27. Doping • Blood doping • Anabolic steroids • Erythropoietin • Growth hormone • Stimulants • e.g. amphetamines • Diuretics

  28. Coaching • Fitness • Strength training • Speed • Endurance • Flexibility • Injury prevention

  29. Principles of training • Progressive overload • Specificity • Periodization • Tapering

  30. Progressive overload • Overuse injuries are often the result of training which is ‘too much, too soon’. • Training load: • Frequency • Duration • Intensity

  31. Sports physiology • Energy systems • Anaerobic • ATP + phosphocreatine system • Glycolytic system • Aerobic • Carbohydrate oxidation • Fat oxidation • Muscle physiology • Training implications

  32. Sports Medicine Multidisciplinary business

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