Chemical & Biological Defense Program Science & Technology

1. Chemical & Biological Defense Program Science & Technology COL Ben Hagar Deputy, Joint Science & Technology Office for CB Defense Defense Threat Reduction Agency JSTO

2. Overview • Continued strong Department and Congressional support for CBDP S&T • Strengthened ability to transition from DARPA programs • DTRA re-aligning its R&D efforts • STRATCOM Combating WMD role JSTO

3. Answer Science Questions Transition Technologies Maintain Robust Tech Base Preserving warfighter effectiveness through medical countermeasures Diagnostics Pretreatments/ Prophylaxes Emerging Threats/ Special Programs Therapeutics JSTO

4. Detection Answer Science Questions Transition Technologies Protection Maintain Robust Tech Base Decontamination Supporting S&T Modeling and Simulation Preserving warfighter effectiveness with advanced equipment and materials JSTO

5. Principle “Plain Language” Thrusts • Earliest Warning • Detection • Medical Surveillance • Information Dissemination • Broad Spectrum Medical Countermeasures • Pretreatment • Therapeutics • “How Clean is Safe?” • Decontamination • Low-Level Toxicology • Environmental Fate of Agent JSTO

6. Medical CB S&T Strategy • Place greater emphasis on developing medical countermeasures effective against a broader range of pathogens to mitigate novel agent effects • Accelerate development cycle (rapid vaccine and drug development) • Exploit cutting edge technologies to improve medical countermeasures against established high-priority CB agents and against emerging CB agents and effects • Leverage existing capability found in other federal agencies, industry, and international partners • Sustain long-term investment in developing candidates for capability gaps • Ensure knowledge base to support future technology development JSTO

7. Physical S&T program strategy Balance between requirements pull: • Align with the JRO to address capability needs • Align with JPEO programs to address technology gaps • Answer critical science questions that support policy, doctrine and requirements decisions … and technology push: • Centralize investment in basic research (6.1) • Identify and exploit technology opportunities • Identify and respond to new and emerging threats • Transition new and innovative technologies with JPEO • Maintain a robust technology base: knowledge, research capabilities, and test and evaluation methodologies JSTO

8. How we have changed the Physical S&T business strategy … Find and Fund the Best Performers: • Maintain an active outreach to a broad base of potential performers in government, academia, and industry • Emphasize teaming and comprehensive approaches • Allow the best ideas to emerge through competition • Select the best science and most innovative ideas: no favorites, no quotas Exploit Cutting Edge Technologies: • Find and fund new cross-cutting technologies • Leverage new ideas from other sources Sustain Long-Term Investment: • Fund promising technologies from concept through transition JSTO

9. …and developed an overarching science strategy … Build a Fundamental Understanding of CB Agents: • Physical and chemical properties • Fundamental interactions with other materials and environment • Pathological and toxicological properties • Exploitable signatures Leverage Advancements in Strategic Research: Develop Revolutionary Solutions: • Integrated system for complete knowledge of the CB environment • Unencumbering full protection • Rapid inactivation of CB hazards • Information dominance • Nanoscience • Bioengineering sciences • Multifunctional materials • Human performance science JSTO

10. FY05($M) FY06($M) Increase CB.1 6.3 15.7 150% CB.2 62.1 104.3 68% CB.3 39.9 60.8 53% Total 108.2 180.8 67% Detection 33.9 43.9 30% MSB 9.1 38.4 324% Protection 9.6 19.7 106% Decon 5.2 8.9 71% TAS 31.0 32.8 6% FY06 Core Funding Increases JSTO

11. Scientific Challenges • Develop a fundamental understanding of properties and mechanisms underlying EM detection of CB agents in order to better identify and predict unique and distinguishable signatures • Formulate optimal filters for fusion of disparate sensor information in non-linear dynamic networks • Discover new materials that are sorbent and/or stably reactive which provide order-of-magnitude CB agent removal rates and capacity over current activated carbon technologies • Develop a fundamental understanding of CB agent and decontaminant transport in solid substrates to predict agent fate, removal efficacy (or neutralization), and material effects JSTO