English Colonization-Jamestown

1. English Colonization-Jamestown Credits: ClipArt, ABC-Clio, Grolier Online, Britannica Online from Katy ISD library site.

2. Jamestown Content Frame Term Date 1. Define it!! 2. Why is it important? 1st Roanoke 2nd Roanoke The Lost Colony Spanish Armada Jamestown John Smith

3. Term Date 1. Define it!! 2. Why is it important? Tobacco Free Enterprise/Capitalism Slaves House of Burgesses

4. Mercantilism=The Mother Country takes the resources of the Colony to make products, then sells the products back to the Colony European Countries began setting up colonies in the New World. Spain was able to claim the most land first. Land = Money for the Mother Country using “Mercantilism”

5. England wanted what Spain had…. Spain had colonies in the Americas which provided them with gold, silver, sugar cane from plantations, etc… Gold, sugar and the rest=$$$$$$$=POWER=Number 1 in the World! England wanted to Be #1!

6. Colonization is where the REAL money is made England realized that setting up colonies would earn them more money in the long run. They began directing their resources toward establishing permanent colonies.

7. 1st Roanoke Island 1585 • This was England’s 1st attempt to start a colony. The 1st colony was destroyed when the Natives realized that the English wanted their land and they stopped replenishing the English food supply. • Colony failed and surviving members of the colony returned to England in 1586. Sir Walter Raleigh starts the first colony at Roanoke Island.

8. 2nd Roanoke“The Lost Colony” 1587 • Colony started by John White & his family. His granddaughter was the first English child (Virginia Dare) born in North America. Ran out of supplies so White sailed and left family at Roanoke (1588).. • White returned in 1590 but the colony had disappeared. No one knows what happened to them.

9. Jamestown 1607 King James I issued a charter in 1606 to set up a colony that he hoped would make money for England. This is an ECONOMIC reason for setting up a colony. • Jamestown was the first permanent English Colony in NORTH AMERICA. They named the colony Jamestown in honor of King James I. • Was set up for Economic Reasons-to make money The colonists immediately ran into trouble. First day in Jamestown

10. Jamestown – “Never Give Up, Never Surrender!” On May 14, 1607, colonists from England selected a piece of land on a large peninsula for a new settlement. The Peninsula was surrounded on 3 sides by rivers. The settlement was set up near deep water, making it easy to get big ships close to the settlement. However, the island was swampy, isolated, offered limited space and was plagued by mosquitoes (that gave settlers malaria) and brackish river water unsuitable for drinking. In addition the settlers arrived too late in the year to get crops planted. Many in the group were not used to hard, physical work. Their servants didn’t know how to or want to farm and labor as hard as it would take either. In a few months, were dead; some of the survivors were deserting to the Indians whose land they had invaded.

11. Jamestown was started for economic purposes…to make $$$$$$$$ for the company, the settlers and the king but it failed at first.

12. John Smith 1608 At first JT was settled by young men who wanted to find gold. They refused to plant crops or hunt for food. Within the first year over 75% died of starvation and disease. JT was going to fail like Roanoke. By 1608 only 38 colonist were still alive in Jamestown. • John Smith took over the colony. Convinced colonists to work and was able to trade with the Powhatan tribe for corn. He announced that, “He that will not work shall not eat.” • His leadership saved the colony. Pocahontas saving John Smith

13. Problems at Jamestown:In the beginning everyone was supposed to farm together, then put what they had into a common storehouse. From there, each person would be given what it was decided he needed. In reality, the ones that worked ended up providing for the ones that didn’t. Since only a few were putting food in the common-storehouse, the supply quickly ran out. Jamestown Fort

14. The Starving Time!! 1609–1610 In 1609 Smith was injured and he returned to England. Hundreds of new colonist arrived. They took Native American land, angering the local tribe. By 1610 Powhatan Indians stopped trading with the colonists. Indian attacks escalated. Only 61 of the 500 colonists survived the period

15. The Starving Time Only 60 colonists survived. Colonist ate dogs, rats, mice….

16. Tobacco 1612 • John Rolfe brought a high quality tobacco plant that became the cash crop for JT. Cash Crop=crops you grow to sell. • Tobacco could be sold for a lot of money in England. Tobacco saved Jamestown! It was profitable and more people moved to JT to live.

17. Free Enterprise/Capitalism-After 1610 How Jamestown Survived: The Virginia Company (investors) & leaders of JT decided to give each man a parcel of land and allow them to keep some of the profit from the sale of their tobacco. When people knew they were responsible for their own survival and that they could make a profit by selling their excess, most got to work. Jamestown was the start of the FREE ENTERPRISE system in North America • Under capitalism, you are allowed to participate in the profits • Free Enterprise (Capitalism) increased the colonist’s productivity

18. Indentured Servants • Colonist (mostly white) who could not pay their way to America, agreed to work for an owner for a certain number of years if the owner would pay their way to the New World. • After a number of years of servitude the colonist could make their own way at Jamestown or another colony. • Interesting Fact: • The first slave owner in the colonies was an African American man who had started out an indentured servant. He earned his freedom, paid to bring over his own servants and went to court to have them made into his slaves. Court gave him a black man to be his slave for life.

19. Slaves • 1619 • A person who is the property of another person. • Provided an inexpensive labor force. They were used to harvest tobacco for English plantation owners. This was the beginning of slavery in America.

20. Who would set the rules for colonists in Virginia? • King of England • Parliament (Like our Congress) Problems: • 2000 miles away from America • Had to appoint a governor for local control • Virginia Company of London-Investors. Too far away So Colonists came up with and the King allowed:

21. House of BurgessesVery Important!!! 1619 Colonist need LOCAL government . • Local Control. Representatives were elected by the people of the colony. Assembly could meet once a year. • The House of Burgesses helped develop representative democracy in the colonies because it was the first representative assembly in the American colonies.

22. House of BurgessesVery Important!!!

23. Jamestown Content Frame-Key Term Date Why is it important? Define it!! England’s 1st attempt to start a colony 1585 1st Roanoke Colony failed. 2nd Roanoke-The Lost Colony Colony started by John White & his family Colony disappeared 1587 Spain defeated. England is able to colonize in America Spain attacked England with 130 warships Spanish Armada 1588 Was set up for Economic Reasons-to make money First permanent English colony Jamestown 1607 Convinced colonists to work and was able to trade for corn. “He that will not work shall not eat.” 1608 John Smith Saved the colony.

24. Term Date Define it!! Why is it important? John Rolfe brought tobacco plant that became the cash crop for JT. Cash Crop=crops you grow to sell. Tobacco saved Jamestown Tobacco 1612 Free Enterprise/Capitalism You are allowed to participate in the profits Increased the colonist’s productivity 1610 A person who is the property of another person. Slaves 1619 Provided an inexpensive labor force Helped develop representative democracy in the colonies because it was the first representative assembly in the American colonies. 1619 Local Control House of Burgesses

25. Jamestown Timeline • Draw a line down the center of your paper. • Cut out your pictures. • Glue them into your spiral. 2-3 per page. • Write in the Date, theName of the Event, Define It andWhy is it Important. Must have all of this on your timeline. • When finished, you may color the pictures

26. Example: 1587 2nd Roanoke Colony started by John White & his family The colony disappeared 1585 1st Roanoke Island England’s 1st attempt to start a colony Colony failed

27. Tobacco 2nd Roanoke Island-The Lost Colony 1st Roanoke Island Jamestown 1607 Spanish Armada

28. John Smith House of Burgesses Free Enterprise Capitalism Slaves

29. Concept Definition Map Key Event Reason it was started Leader who kept colony from starving Item that helped colony survive 1607 Workers brought to work plantations 1st Representative Government

30. Concept Definition Map Economic Reasons Jamestown John Smith 1607 Tobacco Slaves House of Burgesses