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THE REIGN OF TERROR

THE REIGN OF TERROR. Organized by the National Convention and the Committee of Public Deal with the domestic/internal enemies Victims included royalists, revolutionaries, and regular people/peasants Anyone who opposed the radicalism of the san-culottes could be a victim

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THE REIGN OF TERROR

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  1. THE REIGN OF TERROR • Organized by the National Convention and the Committee of Public • Deal with the domestic/internal enemies • Victims included royalists, revolutionaries, and regular people/peasants • Anyone who opposed the radicalism of the san-culottes could be a victim • Lasted 9 months – est. 50,000 murdered • Cities and regions which resisted the control of the National Convention had armies sent against them • Counter-revolutionary areas • Marseilles • Lyons • The Vendee = Western France

  2. ROBESPIERRE • Leader of the Committee of Public Safety • Becomes in effect the virtual dictator of revolutionary France • “the incorruptible”

  3. COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY • National Convention forms an executive committee to run the govt. • Made up of 12 members of the National convention • Led by Robespierre • Given total authority to deal with crises • Save the revolution from domestic counter-revolution • Save the revolution from foreign enemies

  4. THE “REPUBLIC OF VIRTUE” • “representatives on mission” • Government economic ontrols • Seizure of food from the countryside to feed the cities • The Law of the General Maximum

  5. DECHRISTIANIZATION • The word “saint” removed from street names • Churches trashed and closed • Priests encouraged to marry • Notre Dame cathedral converted to “the Temple of Reason” • Attempt to create the worship of reason/rationality to replace Christianity

  6. CREATION OF NEW REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR • 1792 becomes the year zero • New names for the months – Brumaire, Ventose, Floreal, Thermidor, Fructidor • 3 ten day weeks in the months = decade’s • Eliminated Sundays • Revolutionary celebrations replace religious holidays • Most people hated the new calendar and refused to adopt it

  7. FESTIVAL OF THE SUPREME BEING

  8. THERMIDOREAN REACTIONJuly 1794 • The end of the terror • End of the Committee of Public Safety • Jacobin clubs shut down • Churches reopened – end of dechristianization • Economic controls ended • More stable and conservative constitution written

  9. EXECUTION OF ROBESPIERREJuly 28, 1794

  10. THE DIRECTORY1795-1799 • Govt. of France following the overthrow of Robespierre, the committee of public safety, and the National Convention • Middle class and moderates take back control of the revolution

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