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Ketones

Ketones. By: Tara and Rhiannon. A ketone is formed by the decomposition of a secondary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst at a boiling point of 550-600 degrees Celsius. The preparation of a ketone this way is called a dehydrogenation reaction . . Keto:. General Structure. AKA: Alkenols

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Ketones

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  1. Ketones By: Tara and Rhiannon

  2. A ketone is formed by the decomposition of a secondary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst at a boiling point of 550-600 degrees Celsius. The preparation of a ketone this way is called a dehydrogenation reaction. Keto: General Structure

  3. AKA: Alkenols • These are alkenes with a hydroxyl group attached to one of the carbon atoms forming the double bond • The enol is normally unstable, doesn’t survive long and changes into the keto Enols

  4. Ketones are highly reactive. The double bond on the carbonyl group determines ketones from alcohols and ethers. • A carbon atom across a carbonyl group is often referred to as an a-carbon and the hydrogen atoms connected to the center of an a-carbon are called a-hydrogen. • Ketones with a-hydrogen centers experience a Keto-enol tautomerism (a chemical equilibrium between a keto form and an enol) Reactivity

  5. Ketones can only be oxidized under vigorous conditions using strong oxidizing agents such as Potassium Permanganate, Potassium dichromate etc. Oxidation of ketones are separated by a carbonyl carbon and a carbon on either side of the keto group making it a mixture of carboxylic acid. 2CH3OH -> 2CH2O + 2H2O Oxidation of Ketones

  6. Ketones contain a carbonyl group (C=O) and are connected to two alkyl groups. Common names are formed by naming the two alkyl substituents (which cannot be hydrogen) connected to the carbonyl group and by replacing the “ane” ending with “anone” Naming

  7. Acetone 2-butanone More examples

  8. Ketones are used in • Paint • Adhesives • Printing ink • And cleaners Everyday products

  9. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/Chemistry/Organicchemistry/Families/Somefamilies/Ketones/Ketones.htmhttp://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/Chemistry/Organicchemistry/Families/Somefamilies/Ketones/Ketones.htm • http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-iv/oxygen-ii/oxidation-aldehydes-ketones.php • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone • Text book: Chemistry by Gillespie, Humphreys, Baird and Robinson. (accessed Sept.17/09) Reference list

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