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Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance

Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance. Key Terms. Renaisssance Humanism Secular Patron Perspective Vernacular. Italy’s Advantages. Renaissance means rebirth lasted from 1300-1600 Bring back life of culture of classical Greece and Rome 3 advantages Thriving cities Wealthy merchant class

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Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance

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  1. Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance

  2. Key Terms • Renaisssance • Humanism • Secular • Patron • Perspective • Vernacular

  3. Italy’s Advantages • Renaissance means rebirth lasted from 1300-1600 • Bring back life of culture of classical Greece and Rome • 3 advantages • Thriving cities • Wealthy merchant class • Classicalheritage of Greece and Rome

  4. City-States • Overseas trade from the Crusades helped cities to grow • Northern Italy was urban most of Europe was rural • Cities people exchange ideas, breeding ground for intellectual revolution

  5. City-States • 1300’s Bubonic plaque struck cities hard • Fewer laborers • Demand higher wages • Merchants began to pursue the arts

  6. Merchants and the Medici • Wealthy merchant class developed • Merchants dominated politics • Merchants did not inherit social rank • Wealthy merchants believed they deserved power • Individual achievement was key

  7. Merchants and the Medici • 1200’s Florence had a republican form of government • Medici were a banking family • Cosimo de Medici was the wealthiest European • 1453 won control of Florence’s government

  8. Merchants and the Medici • Did not seek political office • He influenced others by giving them loans • Lorenzo de Medici was his grandson ruled as a dictator

  9. Looking at Greece and Rome • Looked down at the art and literature of the Middle Ages • Wanted a return to Greek and Roman learning • Drew inspiration from the ruins of Rome • Western scholars studied ancient Latin manuscripts

  10. Classics lead to Humanism • Humanism- intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievement • Humanists studied Christian teachings through Greek values • Study of subjects of classical education • History, literature, philosophy

  11. Worldly Pleasures • Humanists suggested that humans could enjoy life without offending God • Wealthy enjoyed material luxuries, good music, fine foods • Most people remained devout Catholics

  12. Worldly Pleasures • Secular-worldly rather than spiritual. • People lived in mansions, threw lavish parties, wore expensive clothes

  13. Patrons of the Arts • Church leaders beautified Rome • Spent huge amounts of money on the arts • Patrons-financially supporting artists • Renaissance merchants and wealthy families were patrons of the arts • Public display of wealth

  14. The Renaissance Man • Writer said that all educated people were expected to create art • Baldassare Castiglione wrote a book called the Courtier • Dance, sing • Play music write poetry • Skilled rider, wrestler and swordsman

  15. The Renaissance Woman • Upper class women should know • The classics • Be charming • Not expected to seek fame • Inspire art not create • Isabella d’ Este led her husbands city state

  16. The Renaissance Revolutionizes Art • Portrayed religious subjects but in a real way • Copied from Greeks and the Romans • Perspective-shows three dimensions on a flat surface

  17. Realistic Painting and Sculpture • Paint prominent citizens • Revealed what was distinctive about a person • Michelangelo Buonarrotti-sculpted using realistic style

  18. Donatello • Made sculpture more realistic by sculpting natural postures, and expression • His David was the first free standing nude in Europe since ancient times

  19. Leonardo Renaissance Man • Leonardo da Vinci-painter, sculptor, artist, inventor, scientist • Studied how muscles moved • Veins in a leaf • Painted the Mona Lisa seems real people try and explain her thoughts

  20. Last Supper

  21. Raphael Advances Realism • Madonna and child was his favorite subject • Expressions of gentle and calm • Famous for use of perspective • School of Athens greatest achievement

  22. School of athens

  23. Anguissola and Gentileschi • Few Italian women were artists • Anguissola was the first woman to gain international acclaim • Gentileschi- trained to paint by her father • Pictures of strong heroic women

  24. Renaissance Writers change Literature • Wrote in the vernacular or everyday language • Wrote to portray the individuality of subjects • Petrarch most influential humanist • Father of Renaissance humanism • Boccaccio-wrote letter to many important friends • Realistic off color stories

  25. Niccolo Machiavelli • Prince 1513 • People are selfish, fickle, and corrupt • Prince must be strong like a lion and shrewd as a fox • Did not worry about morally right he worried about politically right

  26. Niccolo Machiavelli • Praiseworthy for prince to keep his word and live with integrity • Prince must sometimes mislead people

  27. Victoria Colonna • Born of a noble family 1509 • Exchanged sonnets with Michelangelo and helped Castiglione get published • Renaissance ideas began tospread north from Italy

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