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Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary

Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary. Step One ： Warming up. Do you like doing scientific experiments? What should you pay attention to when you are carrying out an experiment in a lab? ________________________________________________________________________

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Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary

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  1. SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary

  2. StepOne：Warmingup

  3. Doyoulikedoingscientificexperiments? Whatshouldyoupayattentiontowhenyouarecarryingoutanexperimentinalab? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Carryingoutanexperimentinalabisverydangerous.Youmustbecarefulanddotheexperimentunderyourteacher’sguidance.

  4. StepTwo：Fastreading Readthetwopassages(P44－45) quicklyandanswerthefollowingquestions. 1．Whatshouldweknowwhenweusemetals? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Weshouldknowhowmetalsreactwithdifferentsubstances.

  5. 2．Whatwillhappentocopperwhenitiskeptinwater? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Noreaction/Nothing.

  6. 3．Whyisoiladdedtothewater? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Tokeepairoutofthewater.

  7. 4．Whatistheuseofthecottonwoolinthetesttube? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Keepingairdry.

  8. StepThree：Carefulreading Readthetext(P44－45) carefullyandchoosethebestanswers. 1．Whichofthefollowingmetalsreactsmostwithwater? A．Copper. B．Iron. C．Aluminium. D．Sodium. 答案：D

  9. 2．AccordingtoPassageA，whichofthefollowingreactsmosteasilywhenitisheatedinoxygen?2．AccordingtoPassageA，whichofthefollowingreactsmosteasilywhenitisheatedinoxygen? A．Aluminium. B．Iron. C．Steel. D．Copper. 答案：A

  10. 3．Wecanknowfromtheexperiment________. A．howironrustswithoil B．ironisquiteeasytorust C．howwecanpreventironfromrusting D．howironreactswithalltheothersubstances 答案：C

  11. 4．Ifsomecleanironnailsarekeptinawetplaceforaweek，thenailswill________.4．Ifsomecleanironnailsarekeptinawetplaceforaweek，thenailswill________. A．rust B．notrust C．formanoxide D．keeptheplacedry 答案：A

  12. 5．Thispassagemainlytalksabout________. A．allkindsofmetals B．whatkindofmetalreactsmost C．thedifferentreactionsofmetals D．howmetalsreact 答案：C

  13. StepFour：Summary Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.Whenweusemetals，itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferent1.____________.The2.____________ofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder.Fromthetable，wecanfindpotassiumreactsthemostwithoxygenandwaterwhilecopper3.____________reactwithwater.Whenweheatcalciuminoxygen，itburnsto4.____________anoxide.

  14. Tofindoutifironrustsindryair，inair­freewaterandin5.____________water.Let’sdoasimplescientificexperiment.Weneeddifferentpiecesof6.____________，whicharecleanironnails，testtubes，atesttubeholder，somecottonwool，oilandaBunsenburner.Tofindoutifironrustsindryair，inair­freewaterandin5.____________water.Let’sdoasimplescientificexperiment.Weneeddifferentpiecesof6.____________，whicharecleanironnails，testtubes，atesttubeholder，somecottonwool，oilandaBunsenburner.

  15. Well，first，putsomeironnailsatthe7.____________ofatesttube.Thenpushsomecottonwooldownthetube.Next，leavethetubeforoneweek.Afteroneweek，thenailshavenot8.____________.Itshowsthatirondoesn’trustwhentheairisdry.Well，first，putsomeironnailsatthe7.____________ofatesttube.Thenpushsomecottonwooldownthetube.Next，leavethetubeforoneweek.Afteroneweek，thenailshavenot8.____________.Itshowsthatirondoesn’trustwhentheairisdry.

  16. Inthesecondpartoftheexperiment，youmustboilthewatertomakesurethereisnoairinit.Youaddsomeoiltothewaterbecausethis9.____________airoutofit.Italsoshowsthatirondoesnotrustinwaterwithoutairinit.10.____________，thenailsrustinthetubewithordinarywaterinthethirdpartoftheexperiment.Inthesecondpartoftheexperiment，youmustboilthewatertomakesurethereisnoairinit.Youaddsomeoiltothewaterbecausethis9.____________airoutofit.Italsoshowsthatirondoesnotrustinwaterwithoutairinit.10.____________，thenailsrustinthetubewithordinarywaterinthethirdpartoftheexperiment. Thatishowironreactswithairandwithwater.

  17. 答案：1.substances2.reaction3.doesn’t4.form 5．ordinary6.equipment7.bottom8.rusted9.keeps 10．However

  18. expandv．膨胀；扩大，扩张 (课文原句P41)Whenyouheatametal，itexpands. 当你加热一种金属的时候，它会膨胀。 ①Studentnumbersareexpandingrapidly. 学生人数在迅速增加。

  19. ②Airexpandswhenheated.空气受热膨胀。 ③Thewriterexpandedhisshortnovelintoalongone. 那位作者把他的短篇小说扩展为长篇。 ④Hiscompanyexpandedintoabigone. 他的公司扩大规模而成为大公司。

  20. 1.McDonald’shas________itsbusinessbyopeningmorestoresinbigcities.1.McDonald’shas________itsbusinessbyopeningmorestoresinbigcities. A．expanded B．spread C．increased D．improved 解析：expandone’sbusiness扩大生意。 答案：A

  21. stagen．[C] 阶段，时期；舞台 (课文原句P44)Putthesewordsinthecorrectordertodescribethestagesofascientificexperiment. 把下列词按正确的顺序排列来描述一个科学实验的阶段。 ①Thepeacetalkhasreachedanimportantstage. 和平会谈已达到重要阶段。

  22. ②Theprojecthasreachedastagewherewemustmakeachoice. 这项工程已达到我们必须做出选择的阶段。 ③Tomstoodonthestage，feelingverynervous. 汤姆站到舞台上，感到非常紧张。

  23. 2.They’regettingtothestage________theyhardlyevergoouttogethertohavedinner.2.They’regettingtothestage________theyhardlyevergoouttogethertohavedinner. A．what B．that C．where D．which 解析：此题考查定语从句，where在从句中作地点状语。 答案：C

  24. 3．完成句子 Itisnousetalkingabouttheresult________________________(在这个阶段)． 答案：atthisstage

  25. reactvi.反应 reactwith...与……发生(化学)反应 reactagainststh./sb.反对，反抗 (课文原句P44)Whenweusemetals，itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances，forexample，waterandoxygen.当我们使用金属时，懂得它们与其他物质比如水和氧气怎样发生反应，这是很重要的。

  26. ①Iwasn’tsurehowyouwouldreacttothedecision. 我不确定你会对这个决定有什么反应。 ②Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.铁与水和空气起反应而生锈。 ③Manyyoungpeoplereactagainsttraditionalvalues. 许多年轻人反对传统的价值观。

  27. reactionn．反应 (课文原句P44)Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder.(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。

  28. 4.完成句子 ①遇到危险时，我们的第一反应就是跑开。 Runningawayis________________________whenwemeetdanger. ②孩子们通常以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。 Childrentendto________________theirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes. 答案：①ourfirstreaction②reactagainst

  29. form (1)v.(使)形成；使(组成)；养成 (课文原句P44)Burnstoformanoxide燃烧生成氧化物 Weshouldformagoodhabittokeephealthy. 我们应该养成好习惯以保持健康。

  30. (2)n.形式，形状；表格，格式 intheformof以……形式，呈……状态 fillin/outaform填表格 Helpintheformofmoneywillbeverywelcome. 以钱的形式资助将十分受欢迎。 Pleasefillinthefollowingform.请填写下面的表格。

  31. 5.You’dsoundalotmorepoliteifyoumakeaquest________aquestion.5.You’dsoundalotmorepoliteifyoumakeaquest________aquestion. A．insearchof B．intheformof C．inneedof D．insteadof 解析：　句意为：如果你以问题的形式提出要求，那会显得更有礼貌。intheformof以……形式。 答案：B

  32. 6．完成句子 Mysonhas________________________________________________________(养成早起的习惯) inthemorning. 答案：formedthehabitofgettingupearly

  33. conclusionn．结论 arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出结论 makeaconclusion下结论 inconclusion最后，作为结束 (课文原句P45)Conclusion：Irondoesnotrustindryair. 结论：铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。

  34. ①Iarrivedat/cameto/drew/reachedtheconclusionthathehadbeenlying.我看他是在撒谎。①Iarrivedat/cameto/drew/reachedtheconclusionthathehadbeenlying.我看他是在撒谎。 ②Inconclusion，I’dliketosaythattheworkhasbeenwelldone. 最后，我想说这工作做得不错。

  35. concludevt.下结论，推断，结束 ③Thebookconcludedwithahappyending. 这本书以大团圆作为结束。 ④Thepoliceconcludedthatthedriverofthecarwastoblamefortheaccident.警方断定这辆轿车的司机应该为这次事故负责。

  36. 7.完成句子 ①你们从这个故事中得出了什么结论？ ________________________________________fromthestory? ②最后我想说我在这里过得非常愉快。 ________________，I’dliketosayhowmuchI’veenjoyedstayinghere. 答案：①Whatconclusiondidyoureach②Inconclusion

  37. aim (1) n．目标，目的 takeaimatsb./sth.把目标对准某人/某物 withtheaimof目的是…… ①Theaimofthecourseistoimprovestudents’ readingskills. 这门课程的目的是提高学生的阅读技巧。

  38. beaimedat ④Obamaisaimingtoreducetheunemploymentby50%. 奥巴马正力求使失业人数下降50%。 ⑤WhatIsaidyesterdaywasnotaimedather. 我昨天的话不是针对她的。

  39. [助记]

  40. 8.完成句子 ①这个反吸烟组织是针对青少年的。 Thisanti­smokingorganisation________________________youngteenagers. ②我们访问学校，目的是使年轻人对戏剧感兴趣。 Wevisitschools________________________________gettingyoungpeopleinterestedinthetheatre. 答案：①isaimedat②withtheaimof

  41. 9．Myremarks________atyouatall.Thatistosay，Ididn’taimmywords________youatall.9．Myremarks________atyouatall.Thatistosay，Ididn’taimmywords________youatall. A．didn’taim；to B．doesn’taim；on C．werenotaimed；at D．werenotaiming；for 解析：　此题考查短语beaimedat或aimat对准……的用法。 答案：C

  42. put...inorder 把……按顺序排列，把……收拾/整理得有条不紊 (课文原句P44)Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancescanbeputinorder. 金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。 ①Ithasbecomeherhabittoputeverythinginorder. 把物品放得有条不紊已成为她的习惯。

  43. ingoodorder井然有序 outoforder混乱；(机器等)出故障，失灵 ②Sorry，mytelephoneisoutoforder. 不好意思，我的电话出故障了。

  44. 10.完成句子 整理书后，他高高兴兴地出去散步了。 Afterhisbooks________________________________，hewentoutforawalk. 答案：wereputinorder

  45. add...to...往……加入…… (课文原句P45)Addsomeoiltothewater.往水中加些油。 ①ShallIaddsomesugartoyourcoffee? 要我往你的咖啡里加糖吗？

  46. add to增加，增添 add up sth.＝add sth.together把某物加起来 add up to共计，共达 add补充说

  47. ②The bad weather added to our difficulties. 坏天气增加了我们的困难。 ③These numbers add up to 100.这些数字合计为100。 ④Please add up all these numbers. 把这些数字都加起来。 ⑤He added that they would return a week later. 他补充说他们一周后回来。

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