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Language Learning 101

Learn about the study of how sounds are organized in languages and how they are produced and perceived. Improve your accent and pronunciation skills.

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Language Learning 101

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  1. Language Learning 101 Slides By Emily Franklin

  2. Today’s Agenda • Introductions (5 min.) • Language Resources (10 min.) • Phonology/Phonetics (THE REST) You can find these slides at http://tinyurl.com/emilylang2016 ↓ Read the notes ↓

  3. Introductions • ME: • Emily (she/her/hers), Class of 2017 • Double-major: Japanese, Computer Science • Languages: English (native), Japanese (learned) • YOU: • Name • What languages you speak/want to learn • Favorite fruit

  4. Language Resources For self-study or enhancing classroom learning

  5. Language Resources: FREE Lessons • Google • “learn X online” • Unilang • Lang-8 • LanguagePod101* • Apps: Memrise, Duolingo, etc. Content • Chrome Add-ons, etc. • [language] dictionary • News, Wikipedia, YouTube, Websites, Tumblr, etc.

  6. Language Resources: NOT SO FREE • Books, Software, Tutors • Summer Camps • Concordia Language Villages Study Abroad: • Programs: CSIET Considerations (long term): • Social/Academic • $$$ (NSLI, scholarships) • it’s hard • Talk to your parents

  7. Phonology+Phonetics The study that every language learner knows, if unconsciously

  8. What is phonology? • M. Kenstowicz: “Phonology is the component of our linguistic knowledge that is concerned with the physical realization of language. Possession of this knowledge permits us to realize words and the sentences they compose as speech (or as gestures in the language of the deaf) and to recover them from the acoustic signal (or visual sign display).” • Wikipedia: “Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages.” tl;dr:Study of how sounds are organized in languages

  9. What is phonetics? • Wikipedia: “In contrast to phonetics, phonology is the study of how sounds and gestures pattern in and across languages, relating such concerns with other levels and aspects of language. Phonetics deals with the articulatory and acoustic properties of speech sounds, how they are produced, and how they are perceived.” tl;dr:Study of how sounds are made (and how we hear them)

  10. Example: looking at “eye + s” Phonologist (Articulatory) Phonetician “That’s two vowels and a consonant pronounced by doing XYZ with your mouth.” “In cases like this, s becomes z; the consonant goes from hiss-y to hum-y.” “English Phonology” “[language] Phonology”

  11. Why phonetics/phonology? Better Accent Can Say Unfamiliar Sounds Predict Pronunciations Beatboxing => More Mouth Control

  12. The Vocal Tract

  13. Vowels

  14. What is a vowel? • Not a consonant • Nucleus of a syllable How do we characterize vowels? • Height, backness, roundedness • But there’s more!! See Wikipedia. • Nasalization • Phonation • Tongue root retraction • Front, raised and retracted • Secondary narrowings in the vocal tract • Tenseness • Length

  15. Vowel Locations Height, Backness, Roundedness

  16. Consonants

  17. Consonants • When your vocal tract isn’t clear • Edges of a syllable How do we characterize consonants? • Place of articulation (WHERE?) • Manner of articulation (HOW?) • Voicing • Nasalization • Voice onset time • Others: airstream mechanism, length, energy(?)

  18. IPA Consonants

  19. Consonants: HOW • Is it approximant? (vowel-ish) • Is it plosive? (explosive) • Is it fricative? (hissy) • Is it affricative? (explosive + hissy) • Is it nasal? (nose-all?) • etc. And then: • Is it voiced? (hummed) • Is it aspirated? (forceful) • etc.

  20. Consonants: WHERE

  21. Consonants: Fun Times!! 1. HOW? 2. WHERE? 3. Voiced? • Describe how to say “m”, “p”, and “b”. • Describe how to say “p”, “d”, and “k”. • Write down as many consonants as you can from English. (hint: there are more than 21!) • Challenge: We write “t” in many words, but when we say some of those words, “t” doesn’t sound like the “t” in “tea”. Describe as many other pronunciations of “t” as you can. (Hint: or groups of consonants containing “t”.)

  22. The EndQuestions? Thanks for coming! I hope you learned something and had fun!!

  23. Appendix: Japanese Language Resources Lessons: • Yookoso.com: portal, many links • Erin’s challenge: 25 lessons, free, by Japan Foundation • (see general language resources) Content: • Hukumusume: short stories read aloud • Rikaikun/Rikaichan: pop-up dictionary • NHK News Easy: news with pronunciation (furigana) • NHK News

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