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Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensors for Greenhouse/Climate Control Applications

Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensors for Greenhouse/Climate Control Applications. Cory Ross (100684747) Evan Geiger (100769090) Husam Albeldawi (100810274) Cameron Barr (100794128) Supervisor: Niall Tait. Agenda. MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVE MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF LABOUR

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Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensors for Greenhouse/Climate Control Applications

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  1. EnergyHarvesting Wireless Sensors for Greenhouse/Climate Control Applications Cory Ross (100684747) Evan Geiger (100769090) HusamAlbeldawi (100810274)Cameron Barr (100794128) Supervisor: Niall Tait

  2. Agenda • MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVE • MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF LABOUR • COMPONENT CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION • SENSORS • CO2 SENSOR • HUMIDITY/TEMPERATURE SENSORS • MICROCONTROLLER • COMMUNICATION/INTERCONNECT • PC INTERFACING • POWER STORAGE AND CHARGE CONTROL

  3. THE UNIT! • Block Diagram here

  4. Motivation • Wide Variety of Applications in many locations requiring dynamic and versatile environmental monitoring and control • Especially effective: • Retrofitting Old Environmental Controls in Existing Buildings • Warehouse/Storage monitoring • Greenhouse condition monitoring

  5. Management and Distribution of Labour • Sensor Network and Microcontroller Programming • Node Communication • PC Interface and Power Systems • Design and Construction of a CO2 Sensor

  6. NDIR Spectrum [1] Steven Lord. Gemini Observatory.http://www.astronomy.ohiostate.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit5/Images/atmos_nirtran.png. Accessed Sept 23,2012.

  7. Sensors: CO2 [2] Buchner, R., et al.: Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on commercializing micro- and nanotechnology (COMS2009). 2009. Copenhagen.

  8. Sensors: Humidity and Temperature • TMP275 Temperature Sensor • Low power • Digital output, onboard 12-bit ADC • HIH-5030 Humidity Sensor • low voltage, low power operation • analog output, 0.5% R.H. Accuracy [3] [4] [3] http://www.ti.com/product/tmp275 [4] http://sensing.honeywell.com/product%20page?pr_id=44871

  9. Microcontroller • Silicon labs 8051F996DK • “Ultra-Low” power microcontroller development kit • 150 µA/MHz in active mode • 300 nA sleep mode • Onboard 12 bit ADC • 17 port I/O [3] [3] http://www.silabs.com/Support%20Documents/TechnicalDocs/C8051F996-DK.pdf

  10. Communication • Point-to-Point Network Topology • ZigBeeProtocol [5] Faludi, Robert. Wireless Sensor Networks. 1st Edition. Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media, 2011. Print.

  11. Radio Frequency Transceiver • XBee-Pro S2 with Integrated Chip Antenna • High Performance, Low Power, Low Cost • 295mA TxCurrent, 45mA Rx Current (@ 3.3V) • Indoor Range up to 90m • Receiver Sensitivity of -102 dBm • [6] XBee Pro Series 2 Chip Antenna. 2012. MindKits, Auckland. Web. 11 March 2013.

  12. Communication • Serial Interface Protocol: Application Programming Interface (API) • Transmit Power Output of Data is +17dBm [7] "XBee/XBee-PRO ZB RF Modules." Digi International Inc.N.p. Web. 11 March 2013.

  13. PC Interface • Responsible for processing and displaying received data [8] Devon. Xbee API Packet, Home Automation System - An engineering project. June 5, 2012. www.theskyway.net/en/home-automation-system-an-engineering-project-ee5 (accessed March 10, 2013).

  14. PC Interface • Written in Python • Modules used: • Matplotlib for plotting • Tkinter for graphics • PIL for imaging • PySerial for data acquisition • Data processing done here as much as possible to reduce MC power consumption

  15. PC Interface

  16. PC Interface

  17. Charge Control/Storage Circuit • Voltage Regulator – TI LP2951 • High accuracy output (1.4% at 25 C) • Steady over Temperature (2%) • Adjustable output • Wide input range • Low Dropout

  18. Charge Control/Storage Circuit

  19. Charge Control/Storage Circuit

  20. Charge Control/Storage Circuit

  21. Charge Control/Storage Circuit

  22. Charge Control/Storage Circuit

  23. Charge Control/Storage Circuit

  24. Charge Control/Storage Circuit • Rechargeable Batteries Used for charge storage • Can store much more charge and are more stable than capacitors • 1.2V 2500 mAh C-Cells used • Ni-Metal Hydride

  25. Energy Harvesting • Typical Solar Cell can provide needed 6V input • IXOLAR Mono Solar Cell 42mm x 35mm • 6.3V Output, 50mA Short Circuit Current

  26. Thank You For Your Time!

  27. References • [1] Steven Lord. Gemini Observatory. http://www.astronomy.ohiostate.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit5/Images/atmos_nirtran.png. Accessed Sept 23,2012. • [2] Buchner, R., et al.: Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on commercializing micro- and nanotechnology (COMS2009). 2009. Copenhagen. • [3] http://www.ti.com/product/tmp275 • [4] http://sensing.honeywell.com/product%20page?pr_id=44871 • [5] Faludi, Robert. Wireless Sensor Networks. 1st Edition. Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media, 2011. Print. • [6]XBee Pro Series 2 Chip Antenna. 2012. MindKits, Auckland. Web. 11 March 2013. • [7] "XBee/XBee-PRO ZB RF Modules." Digi International Inc.. N.p.. Web. 11 March 2013. • [8] Devon. Xbee API Packet, Home Automation System - An engineering project. June 5, 2012. www.theskyway.net/en/home-automation-system-an-engineering-project-ee5 (accessed March 10, 2013).

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