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Korea

Korea. Hannah Bauman Ben Clark Erika Fischer J.P. Wojciechowski. History. Korea has been inhabited since the Paleolithic Age 109 B.C.E . a Han dynasty emperor conquered the Korean kingdom of Choson and settled Chinese colonies in Korea

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Korea

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  1. Korea Hannah Bauman Ben Clark Erika Fischer J.P. Wojciechowski

  2. History • Korea has been inhabited since the Paleolithic Age • 109 B.C.E. • a Han dynasty emperor conquered the Korean kingdom of Choson and settled Chinese colonies in Korea • These Chinese colonies provided the conduit through which Chinese culture was transmitted. • Chinese control of Korea weakened and the indigenous Koguryo established an independent kingdom in the northern part of the peninsula

  3. History (Cont.) • Koguryo contested control of the peninsula with two smaller kingdoms, Silla and Paekche. • 688 – Korea was unified under the Silla kingdom • Rivaled the T’ang court in splendor • Silla had been around since 57 BCE • Silla fell to the Koryŏ in 935 • Koryŏ set up rule based on Buddhism

  4. choson • Supposedly founded as early as the 1500’s BCE • Semi-sedentary people moved into the region • Pottery and metalwork have established this date • The Founding legend says that God chose Hwanung to establish the Choson kingdom, and says it was founded in the 2000’s BCE • Expanded lands through military conquest • Farmed rice, worked with bronze, and were skilling in pottery-making • Conquered by the Han dynasty of China in 109 BCE

  5. silla • Founded in 57 BCE • Conquered Baekje in 660 CE and Goguryeo (Choson) in 668 • Led to the unification of Korea • The king was, in theory, an absolute monarch, but the aristocracy held significant power • Hwabaek – royal council that helped with decision making like succession to the throne and declaration of war • Hwabaek confirmed Buddhism as the official state religion of Silla

  6. Silla (cont.) • After 668, with Korea unified, the government began to adopt Chinese models of bureaucracy • Buddhism - formally adopted by Silla in 527 under King Beopheung, • Koreans had been exposed to the religion for over a century • Buddhist temples were financed by the central government and aristocrats • Fell in 935 to the Koryŏ

  7. koryo • Founded in 918 CE by Emperor Taejo • United the Later Three Kingdoms in 936 • Later Three Kingoms: Silla, Choson, and Koryo • 892 to 936 CE, unified by the Koryo • Developed under Silla rule due to unrest in the kingdom • Functioned as an empire with multiple capitals and a strong centralized government • Adopted Confucianism and brought in civil service exams for the bureaucracy

  8. Koryo (cont.) • Traded with the Chinese kingdoms, the later Song dynasty, Japan and the Abbasid Empire • Exported: • Gold, silver, ginseng, marble, paper, ink, cotton, and more • Developed the world’s first metal moveable type • Also developed artillery for ships and introduced the use of gunpowder in the Korean military • Highly skilled potters • Perfected their art of porcelain

  9. Social classes King/Emperor Aristocracy Scholar-Elite Merchants/artisans Peasants

  10. Social classes (cont.) • While upward mobility was theoretically possible (via the civil service exams), it required wealth for education to pass said exams • Prohibited movement • Lineage was stressed as uber-important • Records of ancestry were kept diligently • There was a huge gap between the ruling class and the ruled • Peasants made up most of the population • Merchants/artisans had their wealth regulated by the state • Cemented their positions in society

  11. Economics • Metal-working • Money lending • Pottery-making and porcelain • Learned the art from Chinese masters, but soon surpassed them in skill. • Exported raw materials: • Gold, silver, ginseng, marble, paper, ink, cotton, and more • Used slave labor to attain said materials • Also exported/imported luxury goods for the aristocracy

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