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Digestive System II

Digestive System II. Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas. Liver. Extremely important accessory organ of the digestive system Main functions of the liver are: Metabolic regulation 200 metabolic reactions All blood from the digestive system is processed by the liver

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Digestive System II

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  1. Digestive System II Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

  2. Liver • Extremely important accessory organ of the digestive system • Main functions of the liver are: • Metabolic regulation • 200 metabolic reactions • All blood from the digestive system is processed by the liver • Liver removes toxins and waste products from the blood • Hematological regulation • Removal of old RBC’s • Synthesis and secretion of bile

  3. Liver

  4. Liver

  5. Liver cells • Liver cells are called HEPATOCYTES • In the liver, these cells are arranged in irregular plates called LOBULES • Blood circulates through and around these cells entering via branches of the portal vein and hepatic artery • Blood leaves the lobules via the central vein

  6. Liver Lobule

  7. Liver Lobule

  8. Gallbladder • Located in a recess in the visceral surface of the right lobe of the liver • Stores and concentrates bile made in the liver • Function of bile is to emulsify fats in the diet so that the fat can be digested • Bile is secreted into the duodenum via the common bile duct

  9. Gallbladder and ducts

  10. Transport of Bile • Bile is secreted into small channels in the liver called bile canaliculi • The canaliculi form larger bile ductules • The ductules form the right and left hepatic duct which fuse to form the common hepatic duct • The cystic duct joins with the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct

  11. Pancreatic Secretions • Bicarbonate – neutralizes acidic chyme • Amylase – continues carbohydrate digestion • Protease enzymes • Trypsin which activates • Chymotrypsin and Carboxypeptidase • Lipid enzymes • Colipase and Phospholipase

  12. Pancreas

  13. Histology of the Pancreas • Pancreas is composed of: • 1. Pancreatic acini cells • Exocrine cells • Secrete the pancreatic enzymes into the duodenum • 2. Islet cells • Endocrine cells • Secrete insulin

  14. Acini cells and Islet cells

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