Topic: Ecology AIM : How do organisms interact with their environment ?

1. Topic: Ecology AIM: How do organisms interact with their environment?

2. ECOLOGY is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment

3. Biosphere is the part of the Earth, including air, land, surface rocks, and water, within which life occurs Ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all Biotic (living factors) in an area functioning together with all of the Abiotic (non-living physical factors)

4. Abiotic vs Biotic Why??? MAKE ENERGY (cellular respiration)

5. Community is a group of interacting organisms sharing an environment Population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular species

6. Topic: Ecology Aim: How does energy travel through an ecosystem?

7. The ULTIMATE source of energy is the _____ SUN Organisms that use the sun directly are referred to as producers Examples: plants, trees, grass

8. Organisms that feed on the producers for their energy are referred to as ____________________________ Herbivores or primary consumers Examples: cow, insects, deer, mushrooms PLANT EATERS

9. Organisms that feed on the primary consumers for their energy are referred to as ___________________________ Carnivores or secondary consumers Examples: penguins, tigers, birds ANIMAL/Meat EATERS

10. Organisms that feed on the secondary consumers for their energy are referred to as _____________________________ Omnivores or Tertiary consumers Examples: fox, hawk, tigers, frog, human ANIMAL & PLANT EATERS

11. Organisms that feed on dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back to the land are referred to as _____________________________ Decomposers Examples: Bacteria and fungi

13. FOOD CHAIN

14. Food Chains Displays the feeding relationships between species within an ecosystem Shows the flow of energy from one organism to the next and to the next and to the next

16. Food Webs Display many interconnected food chains because in most natural settings consumers are not limited to one source of food Practice

21. Grass They eat grass and crickets

22. Trophic Pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem Biomass is a measure of the animal and plant life that is found in a given area

23. Trophic Pyramid Facts • As you move UP the pyramid: • The biomass decreases with each level • The amount of energy decreases with each level • The organisms become more complex with each level

25. Omnivore Carnivore Herbivore Producer Herbivore

26. Topic: Ecology Aim: How do populations interact in the environment?

27. Symbiosis commonly describes the close and often long-term relationships/interactions between different biological species

28. Three Types of Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism Mutualism Parasitism

29. any relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals derive a benefit Mutalism ,

30. An example would be a honey bee and a dandelion. The honey bee gets to eat the pollen from the flower. The dandelion uses the bee to spread its pollen to another flower. Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms between coral organisms and various types of algae that live inside them

31. goby fish lives together with shrimp The shrimp digs and cleans up a burrow in the sand in which both the shrimp and the goby fish live. The shrimp is almost blind leaving it vulnerable to predators when above ground. In case of danger the goby fish touches the shrimp with its tail to warn it. When that happens both the shrimp and goby fish quickly retract into the burrow

32. a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. Commensalism ,

33. Clown Fish and Sea Anenome

35. A relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed Parasitism almost all free-living animals are host to one or more parasite ,

36. Animals and ticks

37. RINGWORM ATHLETE’S FOOT