In-Text and Works Cited Citations

1. In-Text and Works Cited Citations Adapted by Angela Carrington from a PowerPoint by AHS Librarians Mrs. Abdul and Mrs. Greenaway-Chandler September 2009

3. Frequently Asked Questions Why do I have to use different citation styles? How do I know when to cite?

4. CITE DO NOT CITE When to cite Author’s idea Author’s thought Author’s opinion Author’s research Quotations Summary of someone’s work / research Other people’s pictures, illustrations, etc. Common knowledge Your idea Your thoughts Your opinion Your artwork/pictures

5. Two ways of citing informationYOU MUST USE BOTH IN YOUR REPORT!!!! Works Cited (separate page at end of report) • A list of all of the resources that were cited in the report In-text citation (within your report) • Show the reader of the report which parts are not your own words. • A brief way to show where you took the information from ----the reader can get the full information later on the Works Cited page.

6. CitationExamples • Single Author • Personal Communication • No Author • Webpage

7. MLA In-text citation In-text citation of a single-author book (In the research reportitself) Leroy predicted in 1998 that eBay would become the most lucrative Internet business, surpassing most businesses even during tough economic times (45). Or, Founded in 1995 by Pierre Omidyar, Jeff Skoll and Meg Whitman, eBay has become the most lucrative Internet business (Leroy 45). In your works cited page (separate page at the end of the research report) Leroy, Jonathan G. eBay: Stunning Success. New York: Dover Publishing, 2001.

8. MLA In-text citation In-text Citation of Personal Communication • Personal communications may include personal or telephone interviews, letters, memos, e-mail messages, chat or other types of discussion formats.. Provide as exact a date as is possible. Personal communication references in text should provide the last name of the person interviewed. • She confirmed that she will be stepping down from her position at Habitat for Humanity (Thompson). In your works cited page Thompson, Emily. Personal interview. 5 Feb. 2005.

9. MLA In-text citation • No Author associated with the magazine article • The American Academy of Dermatology suggests using a sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays and has an SPF of at least 15 (“Shining the Light on Sunscreen” 21). The higher the number, the more your skin will be protected. • In your works cited page • “Shining the Light on Sunscreen.” A Brighter Society. 5 Dec. 1998:21. TIP: When the author is unknown, use the title of the book, article or organization. If the title is long, you can always shorten it.

10. MLA In-text citation In-text Citation of an Entire Website (not just a webpage) If an entire website is being acknowledged, incorporate the author's name or the title into your sentence instead of using a parenthetical: "In the Huffington Post..." or "According to the NEA’s website, “the teacher shortage in the United States is at an all-time high.”...". Remember to use n.p. if no publisher name is available and n.d. if no publishing date is given. Follow this format: Editor or author name (if available). Name of Site. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site, publisher, date of resource creation (if available). Medium of publication. Date of access. In your works cited page National Education Association. National Education Association. NEA, 2004. Web. 16 June 2009. Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003. Web. 10 May 2006.

11. MLA In-text citation Citing a page from the website Chili recipes often contain meat. However, there are some vegetarian-friendly alternatives. For example, a creative cook might use tofurkey as a meat substitute (“How to Make Vegetarian Chili”). In your works cited page For an individual page on a Web site, list the author (if listed), followed by the information covered above for entire Web sites. Remember to use n.p. if no publisher name is available and n.d. if no publishing date is given. "How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow.com. eHow, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2009. TIP: If no author is available, then use the title of the webpage in quotes.

12. In-Text Citation Tips • In your paragraph, try to introduce your author, the work, or the date it was written • i.e. According to Thompson’s article, • i.e. In the article “The Right Way To Do Laundry,” • i.e. Published in 2007, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows was hands-down the best book of the 21st century. • In-text citations allow you to find more information on the works cited page easily • In parentheses, type the author’s last name and page numbers. • Do not use “pp.” or “p.” or “pgs.” abbreviations. • If there’s no author, then use the article’s title.

13. Need more help with In-text citations? Try these tutorials: • MLA Citation Game • Test your MLA IQ • In-text Citation - When to cite • In-text Citations Exercises • You Quote it, You note it! – A plagiarism exercise

14. Citations should be in alphabetical order, by last name of author. If there’s no author, then use the article’s title. Italicize the title of books and magazines instead of underlining them. Citations should be double spaced. The second line and subsequent lines should be indented 5 spaces (use the “tab” key). The Works Cited Page should be included in the overall page numberingof the report.

15. Citation Generators http://www.ahs.albany.k12.ny.us/AHS/depts/library/index.html Knightcite Citation Machine BibMe (If you use EasyBib, be aware that it may be wrong. It might list publisher, then website)

16. Works Cited Cite a Source: How and Why You Should Do It. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 16 July 2008. YouTube. 9 Dec 2008. Delaney, Robert. "MLA Citation Style ." Long Island University B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library. 15 November 2007. Long Island University. 13 Dec 2008. "Global Warming Economics." Science 9 Nov. 2001: 1283-84. Science Online. Web. 24 May 2009. Harvey, Michael. "The Nuts and Bolts of College Writing." Nuts and Bolts of College Writing. 2003. Washington College. 13 Dec 2008. "MLA Citation Examples." Honolulu Community College Library. 20 September 2004. Honolulu Community College Library. 13 Dec 2008. Starr, Karen. "Helpful Strategies: Scenarios." University at Albany. 2002. University at Albany. 13 Dec 2008 The Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, 2010. Web. 15 Oct 2011. "What is MLA Style?." Modern Language Association. 29 April 2008. Washington College. 12 Dec 2008.