Unit 2

1. Unit 2 新职业英语 职业综合英语 2 ENGLISH FOR CAREERS Unit 2 Business Meeting

2. Contents 1 Warming-up 5 Writing < Back Next > Home Reading A 2 6 Mini-project Reading B 7 7 8 7 3 Language Lab Entertainment Language Lab Language Lab 4 Listening & Speaking

3. Warm-1 < Back Next > Home Warming-up Task Work in pairs. Read the following list of the tasks at different stages of a business meeting. Discuss with your partner and match each task with its corresponding stage. Meeting Management Tasks

4. Warm-1 < Back Next > Home Warming-up 3，5，6，8，9，10 2， 4， 7 1，11， 12

5. Reading A < Back Next > Home Reading A Text Task 1 Task 2 Business Know-how

6. Text A-1 < Back Next > Home Reading A 翻译 声音 Meetings Are a Matter of Precious Time The meeting spills over into its second hour. We are discussing a productivity initiative. At this moment, our most talkative member chimes in with the idea that we need some kind of system to reward employees. This is the same solution he offers for every problem at every meeting. Then, another member cuts in with a long story—just to make the point that we are not the proper entity to recommend the kinds of changes we are proposing. I, meanwhile, contribute nothing useful. Finally, the woman who set the meeting calls it quits and tells us we’ll continue next week. We drift back to our offices, wondering how to make up for the wasted time. This meeting occurred many years ago, but similar ones happen at companies everywhere every day.

7. Text A-2 < Back Next > Home Reading A Part of the problem at such meetings is that the leader has not set clear objectives or an agenda, and didn’t assign pre-meeting preparation tasks. Instead, the leader seems to hope that magic will occur, producing solutions to the problems. Of course, that doesn’t happen. 翻译 声音

8. Text A-3 < Back Next > Home Reading A 翻译 声音 The main reason we don’t make meetings more productive is that we don’t value our time properly. The people who call meetings and those who attend them are not thinking about time as their most valuable resource. But time is the most perishable good in the world. You can’t earn an extra hour to use on a busy day. Nonetheless, we usually have a vague feeling that there is plenty of time—somewhere in the future—so we waste it now and carelessly steal time from our families, friends or ourselves.

9. Text A-4 < Back Next > Home Reading A I used to be the disengaged participant—one who had good ideas about how to solve a problem, but didn’t contribute. I now take a more active role, aiming to make meetings more effective. Here are three simple principles I use. First, whoever calls a meeting should be explicit about its objectives. This means specifyingtangible goals and assigning responsibilities. Second, everyone should think carefully about the costs of a meeting: How many participants are really needed? How long should the meeting last? Finally, after meetings, assign credit or blame to the person in charge. If people have records of leading ineffective meetings, they are not allowed to lead future sessions. 翻译 声音

10. Text A-5 < Back Next > Home Reading A 翻译 声音 I know that meetings may serve other functions. Sometimes, they can communicate a solution, make sure that there are no fatal flaws in it and give those who are unhappy with it a chance to voice their dissatisfaction. Other meetings serve a cultural function, allowing participants to renew social connections, establish relationships, and deepen a sense of belonging. So, it’s possible to justify a few of those too-long and apparently unproductive meetings by finding hidden payoffs.

11. Text A-6 < Back Home Next > Reading A 翻译 声音 But, please, don’t just call a meeting and hope the magic happens. Take charge and take personal responsibility for meeting its objectives, whatever they are.

12. A-Trans-1 < Back Reading A 会议关乎宝贵的时间 会议已经拖拖拉拉开了一个多小时，我们正在讨论如何提高生产效率的提案。这时，最能言善道的同事插话说需要某种制度来激励员工。每次会上，不管讨论什么问题，他都会提出同一个方案。紧接着，另一位同事长篇累牍地说明我们都不是提出这些建议的合适人选。我也没说啥有用的。最后，召集会议的女同事宣布散会，并告知下周继续开会。我们游荡回各自的办公室，盘算着怎样才能把浪费的时间补回来。这是多年前的一次会议，但类似的情景仍然随时随地在不同公司上演。

13. A-Trans-2 < Back Reading A 这种会议的问题部分在于会议召集人没有明确的目标或议程，也没有布置好会前的准备工作，而是寄希望于奇迹发生，带来解决问题的方法。当然，奇迹从未发生。

14. A-Trans-3 < Back Reading A 会议之所以效率不高，主要是因为没有很好地珍惜时间。召开和参加会议的人都没有将时间当做最宝贵的资源。但时间是世上最易逝的东西。忙碌的一天中你无法得到额外的一个小时来做事。尽管如此，我们还总是依稀觉得未来有大把时间，故而不珍惜当下，漫不经心地把家庭、朋友和自己的时间浪费掉。

15. A-Trans-4 < Back Reading A 过去，我开会时参与度不高，对要解决的问题有好想法却不说。现在，我采取更积极的态度，希望会议能更有效。我遵循以下三个简单的原则。第一，无论谁召集会议，都必须明确目的。这意味着说明会议的切实目标并将任务布置下去。第二，每个人都要仔细考虑会议成本：到底需要几人参加？要开多久？最后，会议结束后，要给会议负责人评评分。如果谁有开会效率低的记录，那么下次他就不能再担任召集人。

16. A-Trans-5 < Back Reading A 我知道会议还有其他作用。有时，在会上大家可以讨论预定方案，确保其没有致命错误并给那些有异议的人一个表达心声的机会。有些会议则有人文功能，创造机会让与会者叙叙旧、交交新朋友，并增强归属感。这些倒是能为那些冗长而明显无效的会议找到些许召集的理由。

17. A-Trans-6 < Back Reading A 但是，千万不要随随便便就召集会议，然后心存幻想，期待奇迹出现。不管会议目标是什么，都要负起责任去达成目标。

18. chime in < Back Reading A to join in or interrupt a conversation; to agree with something e.g.Her expectation chimes in with the belief of many others. Tran：他总是插话表达自己的看法。 He kept chiming in with his own opinions.

19. propose < Back Reading A • to suggest a plan or idea, etc. for people to think about or decide on e.g.The government proposed changes to the voting system. Tran: 她建议封杀那个作者的著作。 She proposed that the books written by the author should be banned.

20. contribute < Back Reading A v. to speak during a meeting or a conversation, or write things for a newspaper, magazine, etc. e.g.We hope everyone will contribute to the discussion. Tran：他给这家杂志写了很多文章。 He contributed a number of articles to the magazine.

21. assign < Back Reading A v.to give someone a particular job or responsibility; to give money; equipment, etc. to someone to use e.g.The teacher assigned a different task to each of the students. e.g.I was assigned a pleasant room to work in. Tran：我们可以指派他完成一项重要任务。 We can assign him an important mission.

22. perishable < Back Reading A a. likely to decay or go bad quickly e.g.Such kinds of flowers are perishable. Tran：这些易坏的食品必须用冰箱保存。 These perishable foods must be kept in a refrigerator.

23. vague < Back Reading A a. of an uncertain, indefinite or unclear character or meaning e.g.The final letter is very vague, possibly an “R” or a “K”. e.g.They were vague about their backgrounds. Tran: 协议的条款故意含糊不清。 The terms of the agreement were left deliberately vague.

24. disengaged < Back Reading A a. not involved with or interested in something or someone, and feeling separate from them e.g.One disengaged worker can affect the morale士气of the entire team. Tran: 他的眼神流露出超然的态度。 He had a disengaged look in his eyes.

25. effective < Back Reading A a. successful in producing a desired or intended result e.g.We must take effective measures to deal with these problems. Tran:尽管现代技术应有尽有，最有效的沟通 方式还是面对面的交流。 Despite all modern technologies, the most effective form of communication is still face-to-face.

26. explicit < Back Reading A a. stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt e.g.He has an explicit understanding of the problem. e.g.He was quite explicit about what he expected us to do for him. Tran:他清楚明白地告诉我怎样到达那里。 He gave me explicit directions on how to get there.

27. specify < Back Reading A v. to state something in an exact and detailed way e.g.Remember to specify your size when you order clothes. e.g.The regulations specify that calculators may not be used in the examination. Tran: 请说清楚明天你什么时候在家。 Please specify when you will be at home tomorrow.

28. tangible < Back Reading A a. that can be clearly seen to exist e.g.The scheme must have tangible benefits for the unemployed. Tran： 如果没有确凿的证据，我们不能接受他 的发现。 We cannot accept his findings without tangible evidence.

29. in charge < Back Reading A being responsible for e.g.The monitor is in charge when the teacher is not here. Tran：一个经验丰富的工程师负责这个项目。 An experienced engineer is in charge of the project.

30. communicate < Back Reading A v. to share or exchange information, news or ideas e.g. The radio stations communicated the storm warnings to the islanders. e.g.She communicated her ideas to her team members. Tran：我喜欢和家人交流。 I like to communicate with my family.

31. renew < Back Reading A v. to start a relationship or activity again after an interruption e.g.She renewed her efforts to open the window. e.g.The pilot renewed contact with the control tower. Tran： 我希望我们可以重续友谊。 I hoped that we might renew our friendship.

32. sense of belonging < Back Reading A n. feeling of being a part of a particular group Tran：这个公司的员工有强烈的归属感。 Employees in this company have a strong sense of belonging.

33. justify < Back Reading A v. to show or prove to be right or reasonable e.gHow can you justify your rude and foolish behaviour? 你怎能为你粗鲁而愚蠢的行为辩护? Tran: 什么都不能成为你考试作弊的理由。 Nothing can justify your cheating on an exam.

34. apparently < Back Reading A ad. as far as one knows or can see; clearly and obviously e.g.The child nodded, apparently satisfied with the promise. e.g.Apparently they’re intending to put up the price of water. Tran: 显然她不想做这份工作。 Apparently she doesn’t want to do the job.

35. payoff < Back Reading A • a result of a particular action, usually a good or desirable • one e.g.He got a payoff before the retirement. Tran: 直到现在改革的成果还未显现。 Until now the payoff of these reforms has not been seen.

36. A-Task 1-1 < Back Next > Home Reading A Task 1Choose the best answer for each of the following questions or statements according to the passage. • 1. After the meeting comes to its second hour, • __________. • A. the author starts to make useful suggestions • B. everybody starts to participate actively • C. the leader begins to ask about how to reward employees • D. everybody is still wasting their time

37. A-Task 1-2 < Back Next > Home Reading A • 2. Time is our most precious resource because • ____________. • A. it is the most perishable good • B. we don’t value time properly • C. there is plenty of time • D. it is worth a lot of money

38. A-Task 1-3 < Back Next > Home Reading A • 3. With tangible goals specified and responsibilities assigned, • __________. • A. the members at the meeting will know the objectives • B. the objectives of the meeting can be achieved • C. every member will think about the costs of the meeting • D. the person who calls the meeting can sit and watch the • magic happen

39. A-Task 1-4 < Back Next > Home Reading A • 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for ineffective meetings? • The leader fails to do the right things to ensure the • efficiency of the meeting. • B. The environment of the meeting is not good enough. • C. People do not value time properly. • D. The participants of the meeting are not active.

40. A-Task 1-5 < Back Next > Home Reading A • 5. Which of the following gives the main idea of this passage? • A. Everybody should contribute to the meeting. • B. The leader of the meeting plays the most important role. • C. It is important to ensure efficient and effective meetings. • D. Setting out objectives of meetings can improve efficiency.

41. A-Task 2 < Back Next > Home Reading A Task 2Read the passage again and complete the following table. • No clear objectives or an • agenda has been set. • Whoever calls a meeting should • be explicit about its objectives, • specifying tangible goals and • assigning responsibilities. 2. No pre-meeting preparation tasks have been assigned. 2. Everyone should think about the costs of a meeting. 3. We don’t value our time properly. 3. Assign credit or blame to the person in charge after meetings. 4. Participants are disengaged.

42. < Back Next > Home Business Know-how

43. Reading B < Back Next > Home Reading B Text Task 1 Task 2

44. Text B-1 < Back Next > Home Reading B 翻译

45. Text B-2 < Back Next > Home Reading B 翻译

46. Text B-3 < Back Home Next > Reading B 翻译

47. B-Trans-1 < Back Reading B 董事会会议纪要 摩登技术公司 2010 年1 月22 日 星期五 摩登技术公司（以下简称“摩登技术”）董事会（以下简称“董事会”）例行会议于2010 年1 月22 日星期五召开。本次会议采用电话会议方式。 董事会成员出席或缺席： 格雷格·斯坦霍夫 主席 出席 吉姆·贝克 成员 出席 杰克·费希尔 成员 出席 史蒂夫·霍布斯 成员 缺席 迈克·尼科尔斯 成员 出席（下午两点三十分到会） 董事会以外的法律顾问和公司职员出席或缺席： 鲍威尔·卡曼 摩登技术法律顾问 出席 罗布·安德森 摩登技术执行董事 出席

48. B-Trans-2 < Back Reading B 一、欢迎并宣布开会 董事会主席斯坦霍夫于下午两点五分宣布会议开始。 二、通过前次会议纪要 主席斯坦霍夫提议通过2009 年12 月17 日的董事会会议纪要。纪要草案已于本次会议前分发给董事会成员。霍布斯先生提议表决，贝克先生附 议。决议一致通过。 三、通过财务报告 主席斯坦霍夫请费希尔先生做财务报告，该报告已于会前分发给董事会成员。费希尔先生做了财务报告并请董事会审议通过。会议讨论后，贝克先生提议表决，尼科尔斯先生附议。决议一致通过。

49. B-Trans-3 < Back Reading B 四、新事项 主席斯坦霍夫请执行董事安德森向董事会就对安妮·鲁宾博士项目的支持情况进行说明。执行董事安德森就会前分发给董事会成员的材料做了说明。他请求董事会审阅并通过项目支持书草案。接着他向董事会介绍了鲁宾博士，并由鲁宾博士做补充情况说明。会议进行了细致讨论后，贝克先生提议表决，尼科尔斯先生附议。决议一致通过：董事会支持该项目，并授权执行董事安德森定稿，然后以董事会的名义向鲁宾博士寄送项目支持书。 五、休会 会议于下午三点三十九分休会。 董事会秘书 B·托马斯·洛斯 敬呈

50. B-Task 1 < Back Next > Home Reading B Task 1 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the minutes. F ( ) 1.MTC’s board members were talking face to face in the meeting room. ( ) 2. Mr. Fisher presented the Treasurer’s Report, which was then unanimously approved. ( ) 3. Executive Director Rob Anderson proposed that the Board support a new project. ( ) 4. The Secretary, B. Thomas Lowes, was appointed to send the support letter to Dr. Rubin. ( ) 5. The Board had a ten-minute break at 3:39 p.m. T T F F