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Course 3

4-4. Scientific Notation. Course 3. Learn to express large and small numbers in scientific notation and to compare two numbers written in scientific notation. 4-4. Scientific Notation. Course 3. Vocabulary. scientific notation. 4-4. Scientific Notation. Course 3.

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Course 3

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  1. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Learn to express large and small numbers in scientific notation and to compare two numbers written in scientific notation.

  2. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Vocabulary scientific notation

  3. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 An ordinary quarter contains about 97,700,000,000,000,000,000,000 atoms. The average size of an atom is about 0.00000003 centimeters across. The length of these numbers in standard notation makes them awkward to work with. Scientific notationis a shorthand way of writing such numbers.

  4. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 To express any number in scientific notation, write it as the product of a power of ten and a number greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10. In scientific notation the number of atoms in a quarter is 9.77  1022, and the size of each atom is 3.0  10–8 centimeters across.

  5. 4-4 Scientific Notation Helpful Hint A positive exponent means move the decimal to the right, and a negative exponent means move the decimal to the left. 1.35  10 5 5 10 = 100,000 Course 3 Additional Example 1A: Translating Scientific Notation to Standard Notation Write the number in standard notation. 1.35  105 1.35  100,000 Think: Move the decimal right 5 places. 135,000

  6. 4-4 Scientific Notation 2.7  10–3 1 –3 10 = 2.7  1000 1 1000 Course 3 Additional Example 1B: Translating Scientific Notation to Standard Notation Continued Write the number in standard notation. 2.7  10–3 2.7 1000 Divide by the reciprocal. 0.0027 Think: Move the decimal left 3 places.

  7. 4-4 Scientific Notation 4 10 = 10,000 2.01  104 2.01  10,000 Course 3 Additional Example 1C: Translating Scientific Notation to Standard Notation Continued Write the number in standard notation. 2.01  104 20,100 Think: Move the decimal right 4 places.

  8. 4-4 Scientific Notation 2.87  10 9 10 = 1,000,000,000 9 Course 3 Check It Out: Example 1A Write the number in standard notation. 2.87  109 2.87  1,000,000,000 2,870,000,000 Think: Move the decimal right 9 places.

  9. 4-4 Scientific Notation 1 10 = –5 100,000 1 1.9  100,000 –5 1.9  10 Course 3 Check It Out: Example 1B Write the number in standard notation. 1.9  10–5 1.9 100,000 Divide by the reciprocal. 0.000019 Think: Move the decimal left 5 places.

  10. 4-4 Scientific Notation 5.09  108 8 10 = 100,000,000 Course 3 Check It Out: Example 1C Write the number in standard notation. 5.09  108 5.09  100,000,000 509,000,000 Think: Move the decimal right 8 places.

  11. 4-4 Scientific Notation Helpful Hint A number less than 1 will have a negative exponent when written in scientific notation. Course 3

  12. 4-4 Scientific Notation 7.09  10 So 0.00709 written in scientific notation is 7.09  10–3. Check 7.09  10–3 = 7.09  0.001 = 0.00709 Course 3 Additional Example 2: Translating Standard Notation to Scientific Notation Write 0.00709 in scientific notation. 0.00709 Think: The decimal needs to move 3 places to get a number between 1 and 10. 7.09 Set up scientific notation. Think: The decimal needs to move left to change 7.09 to 0.00709, so the exponent will be negative.

  13. 4-4 Scientific Notation 8.11  10 So 0.000811 written in scientific notation is 8.11  10–4. Check 8.11  10 = 8.11  0.0001 = 0.000811 –4 Course 3 Check It Out: Example 2 Write 0.000811 in scientific notation. Think: The decimal needs to move 4 places to get a number between 1 and 10. 0.000811 8.11 Set up scientific notation. Think: The decimal needs to move left to change 8.11 to 0.000811, so the exponent will be negative.

  14. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Additional Example 3: Application A pencil is 18.7 cm long. If you were to lay 10,000 pencils end-to-end, how many millimeters long would they be? Write the answer in scientific notation. 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters 18.7 centimeters = 187 millimeters Multiply by 10. 187 mm  10,000 Find the total length. Multiply. 1,870,000 mm

  15. 4-4 Scientific Notation 1.87  10 In scientific notation the 10,000 pencils would be 1.87  106 mm long, laid end-to-end. Course 3 Additional Example 3 Continued Set up scientific notation. Think: The decimal needs to move right to change 1.87 to 1,870,000, so the exponent will be positive. Think: The decimal needs to move 6 places.

  16. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Check It Out: Example 3 An oil rig can hoist 2,400,000 pounds with its main derrick. It distributes the weight evenly between 8 wire cables. What is the weight that each wire cable can hold? Write the answer in scientific notation. Find the weight each cable is expected to hold by dividing the total weight by the number of cables. 2,400,000 pounds ÷ 8 cables = 300,000 pounds per cable Each cable can hold 300,000 pounds. Now write 300,000 pounds in scientific notation.

  17. 4-4 Scientific Notation 3.0  10 In scientific notation, each cable can hold 3.0  105 pounds. Course 3 Check It Out: Example 3 Continued Set up scientific notation. Think: The decimal needs to move right to change 3.0 to 300,000, so the exponent will be positive. Think: The decimal needs to move 5 places.

  18. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Additional Example 4: Life Science Application A certain cell has a diameter of approximately 4.11 x 10-5 meters. A second cell has a diameter of 1.5 x 10-5 meters. Which cell has a greater diameter? 4.11 x 10-5 1.5 x 10-5 Compare powers of 10. 10-5 = 10-5 Compare the values between 1 and 10. 4.11 > 1.5 4.11 x 10-5 > 1.5 x 10-5 The first cell has a greater diameter.

  19. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Check It Out: Example 4 A certain cell has a diameter of approximately 5 x 10-3 meters. A second cell has a diameter of 5.11 x 10-3 meters. Which cell has a greater diameter? 5 x 10-3 5.11 x 10-3 Compare powers of 10. 10-3 = 10-3 Compare the values between 1 and 10. 5 < 5.11 5 x 10-3 < 5.11 x 10-3 The second cell has a greater diameter.

  20. 4-4 Scientific Notation 5.3  10–3 5.7  107 Course 3 Lesson Quiz: Part I Write each number in standard notation. 1. 1.72  104 17,200 2. 6.9  10–3 0.0069 Write each number in scientific notation. 3. 0.0053 4. 57,000,000 5. Order the numbers from least to greatest. T 2  10–4, 9  10–5, 7  10–5 7  10–5, 9  10–5, 2  10–4

  21. 4-4 Scientific Notation Course 3 Lesson Quiz: Part II 6. A human body contains about 5.6  106 microliters of blood. Write this number in standard notation. 5,600,000

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