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Contemporary Islamic Philosophy of Science

PHILOSOPHY. of SCIENCE. Contemporary Islamic Philosophy of Science. The Philosophers. Seyyed Hossein Nasr Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. Syed Muhammad Naquib al- Attas DEWESTERNIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE. What do we know? (al- Attas ). Dynamic Sensible realities: Material or physical entities

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Contemporary Islamic Philosophy of Science

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  1. PHILOSOPHY of SCIENCE Contemporary Islamic Philosophy of Science

  2. The Philosophers • Seyyed Hossein Nasr • Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas

  3. Syed Muhammad Naquib al-AttasDEWESTERNIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE

  4. What do we know? (al-Attas) • Dynamic Sensible realities: Material or physical entities • Existence ( Mawjud) = Khalq al-jadid • Static Intelligible realities (Ma’qulat): Conceptual entities • Essence (Mahiyyah) • Particular reality (Mawjud) • Matter (Maddiyah) • Form (Suriyah) • Universal concept (Wujud) • Absolute Being: Wajib al-Wujud

  5. What do we know? (al-Attas) • Non Manifested Existence • The Absolute Being • The Divine Oneness • Manifested Conceptual Existence • Divine Unity • The Name & Atributes • Permanent Archetypes • Mnifested Physical Existence • Exterior Achetypes • World of Empirical things

  6. How do we know? (al-Attas) • Senses • External senses: • Internal senses: • Common sense • Representation • Estimation • Imagination • Intellect • Active intellect: practical reason • Cognitive intellect: theoretical reason

  7. Why do we know? (al-Attas) • To attain happiness • Happiness (sa’adah) • In this world (dunyawiyyah) • Self (nafsiyah) • Body (badaniyyah) • External things (karijiyyah) • In Hereafter (ukhrawiyah)

  8. SeyyedHossein NasrISLAMIC SCIENCE

  9. What do we know? (Nasr) • God: the Ultimate Self Reality • The Eternal Order • The Human Self-awareness • The Ordered Nature • Sanatana Dharma • Philosophia Priscorium • Al-Hikmat al-Khalidah

  10. How do we know? • work  love  knowledge • karma marga  bhakti marga jnana marga • al-makhafah  al-mahabbah  al-ma’rifah • hylikoi psychoi pneumatikoi • muslim mu’min muhsin

  11. Why do we know? To attain • Material happiness: • Being in peace and harmony with nature as the manifestation of Divine Majesty and Beauty • Spiritual happiness: • return to the Divine Origin

  12. Conclusion • Naquib al-Attas wants to islamize science by changing the materialistic paradigm with the traditional integrated metaphysics of Islam • Hossein Nasr wants to integrate modern science into the traditional sacred science • Both philosophers return the traditional hierarchy into the modern concept of reality

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