6 Kingdoms of Life

1. 6 Kingdoms of Life What is life? How are all living things organized?

2. Characteristics of Lifemust meet ALL to be living Did you include all these in your engage answer about the man? • Made up of 1 or more cells • Metabolism • Excretion / Homeostasis • Movement • Contains Genetic material • Reproduction • Growth and Development • Response to Environment / Adapt • Evolve

3. How do scientists organize living things? Scientists use characteristics specific for each Kingdom to organize organisms. Using this organization, you should be able to make some generalizations based on what you know about taxonomic levels. In particular, the more levels of classification that two or more organisms share, the more similar they will be.

4. Copy this table. Use slides to fill in information.

5. Prokaryotes • DO NOT HAVE: • a membrane bound nucleus • any membrane bound organelles

6. Prokaryotes • DO HAVE: • DNA • Ribosomes • Cytoplasm • Cell membrane

8. Eukaryotes • DO HAVE: • separate membrane bound nucleus • other organelles

10. 2. Cell # - Whether the organisms exist as single cells or as many cells • Unicellular- single celled organism • Multicellular- many celled organism

11. Multicellular • Unicellular

12. 3. Feeding Type - How the organisms get their food • Autotroph or Producer • Makes it’s own food • Heterotroph or Consumer • Must eat other organisms to survive

13. There used to be only 5 kingdoms • Moneran • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia This kingdom has now been divided into 2 – archaebacteria & eubacteria

14. 3 Domains – copy this not in table • Archaea and Eubacteria • unicellular • prokaryotes (no nucleus) • no membrane-bound organelles • Eukarya • more complex • most are multicellular, some unicellular • eukaryotes (have nucleus) • membrane-bound organelles

15. 6 Kingdoms • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

16. Use the following slide to fill in table. Archaebacteria live in extremely harsh environments and may represent the first cells to have evolved Make own food using H2, S or CO2 extreme environments HOT, Acidic, Salty, Anaerobic Sewage treatment plants, thermal vents, etc. Unicellular no nucleus 1 circular chromosome

17. Unicellular No nucleus Cell wall made up of peptidoglycan Eubacteria some cause human diseases present in almost all habitats on earth Live in the intestines of animals Many bacteria are important environmentally and commercially. Some are autotrophic but most are heterotrophs 1 Circular chromosome, no nucleus

18. Protista • Have DNA inside nucleus • All live in marine or freshwater • Most are unicellular • Few are multicellular • Some are autotrophic, others are heterotrophic • 3 groups • Animal-like • Plant-like • Fungus-like Fungus like protists (absorbtive heterotrophs) Animal like protists (heterotrophic) Plant like protists (autotrophic, cellulose cell walls)

19. Fungus • DNA inside nucleus • Multicellular, except yeast • Absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their body & then absorb it) • Cell walls made of chitin • Found in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments

20. Plantae • DNA inside nucleus • All Multicellular • All Autotrophic • use sunlight to make glucose – Photosynthesis • Cell walls made of cellulose

21. Animalia • DNA inside nucleus • Multicellular • No cell walls • Ingestive heterotrophs (consume food & digest it inside their bodies) • Feed on plants or animals

22. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria. They are not an ancient life form. Viruses are virulent. They cause diseases like the flu or chicken pox. Most biologists agree that viruses are not alive. Viruses do not move, grow, or carry out respiration. Viruses need living host cells to reproduce. Viruses- copy this not in table

25. 1a. Nucleus absent…go to 2 1b. Nucleus present…go to 2a. Lives in extreme environment…Archeabacteria 2b. Lives throughout earth…..Eubacteria 3a. 3b. . . . Organize the organisms in the pictures Use general characteristics in your notes Make a Dichotomous Key for Kingdoms

29. Matching Game All living things share characteristics. Match the squares to show your understanding of living things.