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Ecology Test Review

Ecology Test Review. Empty slide to keep flashcards in order. What is the study of organisms and how they interact with each other and other organisms and their environment?. ECOLOGY. _______________ is the study human populations. __ Demography __ is the study human populations.

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Ecology Test Review

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  1. Ecology Test Review

  2. Empty slide to keep flashcards in order

  3. What is the study of organisms and how they interact with each other and other organisms and their environment?

  4. ECOLOGY

  5. _______________ is the study human populations.

  6. __Demography__ is the study human populations.

  7. What is… An organism? A species? A population? A community? An ecosystem? A Biome A Biosphere?

  8. An organism? One member of a species A species? An organism that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring A population?Group of organisms that belong to the same species in an area A community?Group of different populations in an area An ecosystem?Living and non-living things that interact in an area A Biome? A community of ecosystems with the same characteristics such as climate A Biosphere?Part of Earth that has life (above, on, below surface)

  9. How are aquatic ecosystems classified?

  10. How are aquatic ecosystems classified? By… Depth Water Flow Temperature Water Chemistry

  11. What is a microclimate?

  12. What is a microclimate? A climate that exists over a small area and different from the surrounding area and influenced by temperature and precipitation.

  13. Name the 5 factors that contribute to the Earth’s climate.

  14. Name the 5 factors that contribute to the Earth’s climate. Absorption of sun’s energy Heat transport Latitude Land masses Ocean currents

  15. ______ is where an organism lives and gets its needs met? (example: food, air, shelter, etc.)

  16. Habitat is where an organism lives and gets its needs met? (example: food, air, shelter, etc.)

  17. What is the difference between the PHOTIC Zone and the APHOTIC Zone?

  18. PHOTIC Zone = Light present which can reach plant life (algae) APHOTIC Zone = No light

  19. What is the difference between immigration and emigration?

  20. Immigration = going into an area (can increase population numbers) Emigration = going out of an area (can decrease population numbers)

  21. What is an invasive species?

  22. Plants or animals that will reproduce rapidly when introduced to a new area.

  23. Why do organisms need nutrients?

  24. Why do organisms need nutrients? For all essential life functions!

  25. What make their own food?

  26. PRODUCERS AUTOTROPHS GREEN PLANTS

  27. How are green plants similar to sulfur bacteria deep in the oceans?

  28. They both produce carbohydrates for food. Green plants by photosynthesis and bacteria by chemosynthesis

  29. ___________ is the process that bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air into ammonia?

  30. Nitrogen fixation is the process that bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air into ammonia?

  31. __________ is when sulfur and nitrogen combine in smog (pollution) with water.

  32. ___Acid Rain_____ is when sulfur and nitrogen combine in smog (pollution) with water.

  33. What need to find and eat food? (carnivore, herbivore, omnivore)

  34. Heterotrophs Consumers carnivore, herbivore, omnivore Eats only meat Eats only plants Eats meat and plants

  35. What digests and absorbs nutrients from decaying organisms? (Mushrooms, Bacteria)

  36. DECOMPOSERS

  37. What is an organism that eats already dead animals? Vultures& Hyenas

  38. Scavengers Vultures& Hyenas

  39. _________ is an organism such as a worm that feeds on animal and plant remains.

  40. Detritivore is an organism such as a worm that feeds on animal and plant remains.

  41. What can be recycled in our biosphere and what cannot be recycled?

  42. What can be recycled? MATTER What cannot be recycled? ENERGY

  43. What is this structure called? Name and describe each trophic level. How much energy is transferred from lower level to next?

  44. What is this structure called? Biomass Pyramid or Energy Pyramid Name and describe each level. See labels How much energy is transferred from lower level to next? 10%

  45. What is each of the levels called?

  46. What is each of the levels called? TROPHIC LEVEL

  47. When 10% of the energy is transferred to the next trophic level, what happens to the other 90% of the energy? Some is used for essential life processes like movement, growing, reproduction, etc. and some is used up as heat.

  48. Find the calories available to the next higher level beginning with freshwater shrimp and going up to osprey. How many calories does the Northern Pike need for its daily living?

  49. Divide by 10 each time you go to the next higher trophic level. Northern Pike uses 9 calories for daily living.

  50. Explain what this picture is demonstrating.

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