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SKELETAL SYSTEM NOTES PART 1. Copy this chart on the top 1/3 of your paper and write as many things as you can about the following terms. Skeleton Bones Skeletal System. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM - NOTES. Skeletal System Parts:. bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments.
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Copy this chart on the top 1/3 of your paper and write as many things as you can about the following terms Skeleton Bones Skeletal System
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM - NOTES • Skeletal System Parts: • bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments • Functions: • maintain body shape • protects organs • provides levers for movement • mineral storage • blood cell formation
Skeletal System connective tissues: • living cells in a matrix LIVING CELLS MATRIX • bone cells • calcium, phosphorus, collagen • cartilage cells • collagen and ground tissue • tendons & ligaments • parallel collagen fibers
Bone Classification by Shape • LONG BONE • EX: humerus
SHORT BONE • EX: trapezoid (bone in wrist)
FLAT BONE • EX: sternum
IRREGULAR BONE • EX: vertebra
SESAMOID BONE • patella (knee cap)
Anatomical Features of Long Bones • DIAPHYSIS • shaft • EPIPHYSIS • end of the bone • EPIPHYSEAL PLATE (or EPIPHYSEAL LINE) • site of bone growth – bones grow from their ends epiphyseal plate epiphysis diaphysis
MEDULLARY CAVITY • location: • in diaphysis • filled with yellow marrow (adipose tissue)
PERIOSTEUM • outer covering of bone – tough connective tissue • contains blood vessels & nerves
Anatomical Features of COMPACT BONE • location: diaphysis • solid matrix & tightly packed cells • made up of OSTEONS or HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS
OSTEOCYTES • bone cells – supplied by Haversian Canals with blood • CANALICULI • tiny canals that connect osteocytes together • thin rings of bone that serve to anchor bone cells • LAMELLAE
Anatomical Features of SPONGY BONE • bone is not really “spongy” or soft, it only “looks” spongy • Location: • epiphysis • made of TRABECULAE • interconnecting rods of bone
spaces in trabeculae filled w/red marrow • no Haversian Canals • lighter than compact bone
BONE MARROW • cells produced from within bones • red marrow • produces blood cells • yellow marrow • adipose tissue – stores fat (energy)