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Struggle for Empire New Policies The Navigation Act of 1651 All goods shipped between England and the Colonies had to be

Struggle for Empire New Policies The Navigation Act of 1651 All goods shipped between England and the Colonies had to be on ships built in Colonies or England Enumerated Commodities were products that could not be shipped to anyone but Britain. tobacco, cotton, indigo, and sugar.

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Struggle for Empire New Policies The Navigation Act of 1651 All goods shipped between England and the Colonies had to be

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  1. Struggle for Empire • New Policies • The Navigation Act of 1651 • All goods shipped between England and the Colonies had to be on ships built in Colonies or England • Enumerated Commodities were products that could not be shipped to anyone but Britain. • tobacco, cotton, indigo, and sugar c. American ships had to pay a DUTY tax

  2. 2. Colonial Response B. Pressure by British Manufactures Molasses Act of 1733 Woolen Act of 1699 Hat Act of 1732 Iron Act of 1750 C. Salutary Neglect 1. Parliament opted for a policy of Salutary Neglect a. Non-interference b. Distance—3,000m c. Deputy Tax officials were lax d. Smuggling became accepted

  3. B. French and Indian War 1. First Phase of Anglo-French Wars a. King Williams War (1689-1697) b. Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713) c. Britain gained Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, and Hudson’s Bay Territory 2. 2nd Phase a. King George’s War (1742-1748) b. French and Indian War (1754-63) 1. Seven Years War

  4. British-French Rivalry • By 1700 Britain and France are the 2 strongest powers in the world • British colonist want to explore opportunities in the Ohio River Valley • French control the Ohio River Valley • Fighting breaks out in Ohio River Valley, Maine and New York • YouTube - The French and Indian War (Rev.) (clip)

  5. Native Americans Take Sides • Who ever received the best trade terms from Native Americans would probably win the war. • French had more allies---they wanted fur not land • French had better relations with Native Americans

  6. The Iroquois Confederacy • Most powerful Native Americans in the East • Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida • Traded with both the French and British • Control the Great Lakes Region • Reluctantly become allies with the British

  7. 3. The Albany Plan a. Seven Delegates from Northern colonies meet in a hope to unite for common defense b. Ben Franklin wanted a council that could levy taxes, raise troops and regulate trade. c. Plan rejected---colonist refuse to fight outside their colony d. Colonies ignored taxes imposed by British

  8. 4. War Begins a. War began in the Ohio Valley b. 1754 French build Fort Duquesne 1. direct threat to Penn and Virginia 2. Virginia sends Militia led by George Washington (22 yrs.) a. Captured 3. British General Braddock also fails

  9. 5. Native American Support Shifts a. Many Native American shift support to the French side 6. William Pitt a. French led by Louis Montcalm b. William Pitt becomes Prime Minister of War in 1758 c. Gave aide to France’s enemies in Europe (split its power) d. Louisburg and Fort Duquesne Fall YouTube - Last of the Mohicans- Huron/British Final Battle

  10. 7. Quebec Falls a. Commander James Wolfe (British) b. Moves on Quebec and forces Montcalm to surrender C. Treaty of Paris 1. Great Britain gets all Canada and Florida from the Spanish 2. France gives Louisiana Territory to Spain 3. Spain and Great Britain divided by Mississippi River

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