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Pre-History: Observations and Inferences

Pre-History: Observations and Inferences. Prehistoric = Before written records Artifacts = Things that were left behind by ancient people Observations: studying something Inferences = the act or process of coming to a conclusion based on observations. History is the story of….

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Pre-History: Observations and Inferences

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  1. Pre-History: Observations and Inferences

  2. Prehistoric= Before written records Artifacts= Things that were left behind by ancient people Observations: studying something Inferences= the act or process of coming to a conclusion based on observations

  3. History is the story of….. Migration: to go from one place to another. Adaptation: to adjust or modify. Change

  4. Scientists • Archaeologists= study past societies through analyzing what people left behind. • Anthropologists= study human life and culture • Paleontologists= study fossils (preserved in rocks)

  5. Primary and Secondary: Answers the question: “What happened?” Primary Sources: Records made by people who were there at the time. “First” Secondary Sources: An indirect link to an event--something written or made by someone who was NOT there at the time. “Second” * Pg. 43

  6. Artifact Project • Individual assignment • Create an artifact • Can’t use tools that they didn’t have in the Pre-Historic days • Be ready to present and share what your artifact would have been used for. • DUE: Monday (23rd) , or Tuesday (24th)

  7. Prehistoric American Indians • *****Humans lived in Utah for about 11,000-13,000 years ago in caves near Wendover. • Danger Cave • Hogup Cave • Paleo-Indian and Archaic People--Hunter Gatherers • Anasazi and Fremont

  8. Paleo-Indian and Archaic People Paleo = Ancient Archaic: lived after Paleo-Indian Nomadic hunter-gatherers: followed animals and killed them for food. Animals hunted: saber-toothed tiger, an early type of camel, woolly mammoth Gathered: seeds, nuts, and other wild plants Atlatl: A spear thrower that was their main weapon

  9. Anasazi • 500-1200 AD • Means “ancient ones” • Lived along the San Juan River, present-day New Mexico, Arizona, Utah and Colorado • Hunter Gatherers • Extensive farming society through irrigation and water storage • Skillful artisans: pottery; Bags out of animal skins • Pueblos were built—multistoried structures • Pueblo Bonito: 800 rooms for 1,000 people • Mesa Verde: large community of cliff dwellings

  10. The Fremont People Located in the Great Basin Traded with Anasazi Full time farmers and hunters Irrigation system to water crops Built homes underground Made coiled gray pottery, fiber baskets, and moccasins Learned about through petroglyphs = rock carving

  11. What happened to them? • Scientists believe that both the Anasazi and Freemont cultures disappeared sometime after 1300 AD. • Anasazi: moved to New Mexico and Arizona • Freemont: slowly gave up farming and abandoned their villages **What caused people to move?

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