New college English

1. New collegeEnglish Book Four

2. Unit Four Creativity

3. I Preparation II Reading Activities IV Translation & Writing III Further Development Unit Four

4. Part I Preparation 1. What’s Creativity 2. Creativity & Inventions

5. Activity 1What’s Creativity Directions: Discuss in groups what is meant by “being creative”. First, each member defines it. Then discuss your definitions in your group. Creativityis the ability to learn from Nature and to use one’s imagination. Both of these are full of wonders that are most probably incomparable.

6. Activity 2Creativity & Inventions • Directions: Often we are unable to find out other possible uses of familiar things. In small groups, take an item, such as a ballpoint pen, a piece of chalk, a pair of glasses or an eraser. Look at it closely for a minute or two and list the things you could do with it (aside from its normal use, of course). Share your findings with the other group members.

7. Activity 2Creativity & Inventions • With a ballpoint pen, we could use it • as a water gun; • to hide messages in; • as a lighter to light cigarettes; • as a weapon to hurt the attacker’s face.

8. Activity 2Creativity & Inventions • With a piece of chalk, we could use it • to absorb water or ink to clean you paper; • to make your dirty shoes white temporarily; • to use the waste chalk to enjoy yourself with your classroom; • to gather the waste chalk to use them in later time; • to wake up a sleepy student for the teacher.

9. Activity 2Creativity & Inventions • With a pair of glasses, we could use it • to pretend to be educated while wearing them; • to use them as a mirror to see whether your face is dirty or not; • to hide your wounded eyes or sad expression in your face; • to protect your eyes by using them under the bright sun.

10. Activity 2Creativity & Inventions • With a blackboard eraser, we could use it • to shine our shoes; • to powder our faces; • to paint squares on a dark wall; • to polish furniture.

11. Part II Reading Activities 1. Pre-reading Questions 2. Text Organization 3. Sentence Study 4. Words & Phrases

12. Pre-reading Questions

13. Pre-reading Questions • Did your parents ever let you make decisions when you were very young? What do you think of your parents’ practice? No. They made the decision and I obeyed. If I didn’t obey, I would be punished. They meant well and wanted to teach me the right moral values and ways of behavior so that I wouldn’t make mistakes. But sometimes, I think they should have let me explore the world and discover things. I think that children are clever enough to think for themselves and should be encouraged to make their own decisions. And they won’t feel uneasy or at a loss when their parents are not around.

14. Pre-reading Questions 2. How can schools and parents encourage students’ creativity both at school and at home? Create more situations for students to solve problems by themselves. Develop their thinking and language skills as well as the sense of humor. Organize more activities that require imagination to do it well. Involve students in decision-making.

15. Text Organization

16. Text Organization Para.1 Introduction Para.2-3 An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow Para.4-5 The definition of creativity Para.6 A big problem in school The case for creativity-encouraging children to think

17. Sentence Study

18. Sentence Study • It is a strategy that more and more companies are employing and one that experts around the country say we ought to be following with our children, both at home and at school.(Para.3) 【 句型】 It is a strategy that…强调句型, 强调句子的宾语strategy. 句中的one指 strategy。 【 例句】It is such a good opportunity that we should not / must not miss. It is in the air that people breathe. It is in the soil that the food grows. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. 只有当压力失去控制时才会使人表现失常，健康不佳。

19. Sentence Study 2. Creativity is not something one is just born with, nor is it necessarily a characteristic of high intelligence. ( para.5 Line17) 【译文】创造性并非与生俱来，也不一定就是高智慧的特征。 【句型】 At no time and under no circumstanceswillChinabe the first to use nuclear weapons. 【短语】 be born with 意为“生来就有…” She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.她生来富贵。

20. Sentence Study 3. For example, instead of simply asking WHEN Columbus discovered the New World, teachers might ask students to think about what would have happened if his trip had taken him to New York first instead of to the Caribbean area. (Line34) 【句型】用虚拟语态表示对过去发生事情的假设。 If Dick Drew had listened to his boss in 1925, we might not have a product that we now think of as practically essential: masking tape.(line 3-4, Para.2) 【例句】 If you hadn’t watched that late movie last night, you would not be sleepy in class.

21. Sentence Study 4. Experts say that it is important to create an atmosphere in which there is no risk in being creative—a place where wild ideas are honored and valued, never scorned or dismissed. (Para.7Line44) 【译文】专家认为必须创造一个可以自由发挥创造力的氛围，一个尊重和赞赏而不是鄙视或不理会大胆想法的环境。 【例句】there is no risk in doing something 意为“做某事很安全，没有风险”。类似说法有： there is no point/ good / use (in) doing something 意为“做某事没意义/ 没好处/ 没用。

22. Words & Phrases

23. Words & Phrases 1. creativity n.创造力 creative adj. 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的 creation n. 1) 创造；建立2) 作品；创造物 构词法-ity 是一个名词后缀，表示“状态，性质，程度”等 。如： complexity 复杂(性), 复杂的事物 extremity末端, 极端, 极度 familiarity熟悉；通晓；亲密；精通 humanity人性；人类；博爱；仁慈 popularity 普及, 流行, 声望 reality 真实, 事实, 本体, 逼真 generality 一般性

24. Words & Phrases 2. dismiss • 拒绝 • He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic. • 解雇 • She was dismissed from her job for not obeying the company’s safety regulation. • 解散 • The mayor finished the press conference and dismissed the reporters. • 不受理 • The case was dismissed owing to lack of evidence.

25. Words & Phrases 3. practically 1) almost; nearly 几乎，简直 【例句】Practically all the movies starring Jackie Chan(Cheng Long) are closely related to Chinese kungfu. 几乎所有成龙主演的电影都和中国功夫有关。 2) relating to experience, reality or action rather than ideas or imagination 实际上 【例句】In many people’s mind, the city of Shanghai has practically become the center of finance and culture of East Asia. 在许多人心目中，上海实际上已经成了东亚地区的金融与文化中心。

26. Part III Further Development 1. What Do They Stand For? 2. Case Study

27. What Do They Stand For? • Directions: Work in pairs to find in the following equations the missing words, whose initials have been given. Then create similar equations by yourselves.

28. All the Good Things Example: 7 = D in a W Answer: days in a week letters of the alphabet 1) 26=L of the A wonders of the ancient world 2) 7=W of the A W cards in the deck with the jokers 3) 54=C in the D [with the J] 4) 11= P on a F T players on a football team

29. Directions: You live in a pleasant neighborhood, outside a town. Soon a prison has been built just opposite the bungalows where you live. It is surrounded by concrete walls. No view of the countryside any more! You and your neighbor get together for this. Now discuss with your neighbors how to solve the problem in a creative way. Write down your solution and report it to the class, which will decide on the best solution. Case Study

30. Possible solutions: Put windows on the other side of the bungalows to see different scenery. Move to another neighborhood. Plant flowers, vines and trees around the walls. Buy a compute and you will never be bored. Work in the prison watchtower. Put mirror to the right and left of the wall to reflect the scenery. Use a concave mirror(凹透镜）, a convex mirror（凸透镜）, a periscope（潜望镜） and steps. Case Study

31. Part IV Translation & Writing 1. Translation Skills 2. Writing Practice

32. Translation Skills 倒置法

33. Translation Skills 倒置法是指在某种程度上将原文分段为若干个短小的句子，然后按照汉语逻辑与习惯表达的方式重新进行安排，这样原文的语序有全部或局部的变换，甚至译文各分句的顺序有可能与原文恰恰相反。

34. Translation Skills e.g. • Such is human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.（部分倒置） 许多人常常宁愿牺牲较高的工资以换取白领工人的社会地位，这在西方倒是人之常情。

35. Translation Skills e.g. 2. And he knew how ashamed he would have been① if his girl friend had known ②his mother③and the kind of place where he was born, and ④the kind of people among whom he was born. ⑤ （全部倒置） 他出生在这类人中间，⑤出生在这样的地方，④他有这样的母亲，③这些如果让他女朋友知道了的话，②他明白有多么丢人。①

36. Translation Skills e.g. 3. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; ①they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, ②if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. ③（全部倒置） 假如没有那些以昆虫为食的动物保护我们，①昆虫会吞噬我们所有的庄稼，害死我们的牛羊家畜，②使我们不能生存于世。③

37. Writing Practice Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the university president about improving students’ scientific and technological abilities for innovation. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below: 1．你认为本校没有能够很好提高学生的科技创新能力； 2．你对如何提高学生的科技创新能力的几点建议。

38. Writing Practice Dear Mr. President, I am Wang Gang, a junior at our university. I write this letter to address the issue of cultivating students’ scientific and technological innovation capabilities. As the transformation of scientific and technological advances into new products, processes, systems, and services, innovation has created astonishing benefits to society, including improved healthcare, transportation, and computer-communications capacities. However, this important issue has not been on the agenda at our university. Our innovation abilities are not fully cultivated in our courses. There are few extracurricular activities (课外活动) that aim at improving students’ innovation abilities. To put it simply, we are not prepared to work in a society that needs scientifically and technologically knowledgeable workforce with creativity and originality.

39. Writing Practice I believe as long as school authorities, teachers and students do our best, we will improve tremendously in scientific and technological innovation abilities. Sincerely, Wang Gang

40. Thanks for Your Attention!