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Classifying Matter: Substances & Mixtures

Classifying Matter: Substances & Mixtures. What is NOT Matter. Lesson 1: Substances and Mixtures. Matter. What is matter. Anything that has mass AND takes up space Solids, Liquids, Gases, and Plasma. Types of energy: heat, light, sound, electrical and electromagnetic

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Classifying Matter: Substances & Mixtures

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  1. Classifying Matter:Substances & Mixtures

  2. What is NOT Matter Lesson 1: Substances and Mixtures Matter What is matter Anything that has mass AND takes up space Solids, Liquids, Gases, and Plasma Types of energy: heat, light, sound, electrical and electromagnetic Types of forces: gravitational and magnetic

  3. What is Matter Made of? • All matter is made up of particles called Atoms. • The different ways atoms combine with each other help us identify different types of matter. • Matter is organized into 2 main groups: • Pure Substances • Mixtures

  4. Pure Substances • Matter with a composition that is always the same is a pure substance. • Pure substances can be: • Elements • Compounds Elements Compounds

  5. Elements • Pure substance composed of a single type of atom. • Elements cannot be separated into simpler substance by physical or chemical means.

  6. Compounds Pure substances composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. • Made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same • Has a chemical formula • Can only be separated by chemical means, not physically H2O NaCl CO2

  7. Practice with types of substances: elements and compounds Explain which of these are elements and which are compounds: 1. Hydrogen 2. Water (H2O) 3. Carbon 4. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

  8. Practice with elements and compounds Explain which of these are elements and which are compounds: 1. Hydrogen (H) ELEMENT 2. Water (H2O) COMPOUND 3. Carbon ( C) ELEMENT 4. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) COMPOUND

  9. Molecules • A MOLECULE is two or more atoms that are bonded and act as a unit . . . . • Examples are most compounds like H2O (water) , CO2 (carbon dioxide gas), CH4 (methane gas)

  10. Mixtures • A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. • substances held together by physical forces, not chemical • No chemical change takes place • Each item retains its properties in the mixture • They can be separated physically

  11. HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES • A mixture in which 2 or more substances are evenly mixed but not bonded together. (Solution) • You cannot see the different parts and therefore seem to be a single substance. • Ex: • Salt water (liquid) • Dry air: Oxygen & Nitrogen (gas) • Brass- Zinc & Copper (solid)

  12. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES • A mixture in which 2 or more substances are not evenly mixed. • Suspensions: the particles are much larger than solutions and eventually settle out. • Can be stirred or shaken to mix • Ex: • salad dressing • blood • snow globe

  13. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES • Colloids: the particles are smaller than suspension but larger than particles in a solution • Particles do not settle out • Ex: Clouds ,Whip cream ,Gelatin , Fog & Smoke, Paint ,Ink , Pearls,Opals • Colloids can be distinguished from solutions using the Tyndall effect- a beam of light passing through a solution is visible because light is reflected or scattered by the particles in the colloid.

  14. Can you identify the following? You will be shown a series of photos. Tell if each photo represents an item composed of an element, compound, or mixture. Review: • An element contains just one type of atom. • A compound contains two or more different atoms joined together. • A mixture contains two or more different substances that are only physically joined together, not chemically. • A mixture can contain both elements and compounds.

  15. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks

  16. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks

  17. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper

  18. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper Cu

  19. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans

  20. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans

  21. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar

  22. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar C12H22O11

  23. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond

  24. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond C

  25. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea

  26. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea

  27. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt

  28. Element, Compound, or Mixture? NaCl Salt

  29. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas

  30. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Ne Neon Gas

  31. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad

  32. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad

  33. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water

  34. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water H2O

  35. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum

  36. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum Al

  37. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade

  38. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade

  39. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver

  40. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver Ag

  41. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand

  42. Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand

  43. Notes • Detailed notes are located at: http://www.middleschoolscience.com/elements-compounds-mixtures-notes-isn.pdf • Flow Chart: http://www.middleschoolscience.com/matter-flow-chart-isn.pdf

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