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Parts of a Sentence

Parts of a Sentence. Infinitive Phrases. Infinitive Phrase- a verb that has on been cogitated. To grow To run To sleep. Base Words. A base word is a word in its simplest form. A base word has nothing added to it. Examples: Do Heat Write Read Pack. Gerund Phrases.

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Parts of a Sentence

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  1. Parts of a Sentence

  2. Infinitive Phrases • Infinitive Phrase- a verb that has on been cogitated. To grow To run To sleep

  3. Base Words A base word is a word in its simplest form. A base word has nothing added to it. Examples: Do Heat Write Read Pack

  4. Gerund Phrases • Gerund- a form of a verb that acts as a noun. • Always end in ing and function as a noun. • Gerund Phrase- A gerund with modifiers or a complement all acting together as a noun.

  5. Punctuation • The Period (.), the most common end mark has 3 basic uses: Use a period to end a declarative sentence, a mild imperative, and an indirect question.

  6. Punctuation Use a question mark (?) to end a direct question, an incomplete question, or a statement intended as a question.

  7. Punctuation Use an exclamation mark (!) to end an exclamatory sentence, a forceful imperative sentence, or an interjection expressing strong emotion.

  8. Punctuation A comma (,) represents a short pause. It tells the reader to hesitate before continuing the sentence. Commas also help set up relationships among arts of a sentence and make long sentences easir to read.

  9. Commas • A compound sentence is two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, for, so, nor, and yet)

  10. Commas • Items in a series must be separated by commas. A series consists of three or more similar items. These items may be words, phrases or clauses.

  11. Semi Colon The semicolon (;) is a punctuation mark that serves as the medium between the comma and the period. It signals the reader to pause longer than for a comma. The semicolon can also be used to avoid confusion in sentences that contain other punctuation.,

  12. Colon • The colon (:) acts mainly as an introductory device. • It can also be used in several special situation.

  13. Quotation Marks (“ ”) • Writers try to provide concrete support for their ideas and arguments. Quoting an expert directly can provide support for your statement while making your writing more colorful.

  14. Dashes • The dash, a long horizontal mark made about the writing line (-) functions to set off material in three basic ways. • To indicate an abrupt change of thought • To indicate a dramatic interrupting idea • To indicate a summary statement

  15. Parentheses • Parentheses () set off supplementary material not essential to the understanding of the sentence. Though not as dramatic as the dash, parentheses are the strongest separator you can use.

  16. Hyphens • The primary uses of the hyphen (-) are to divide certain numbers and parts of words, to join some compound words, and to divide words at the ends of lines.

  17. Apostrophes • An apostrophe (‘) must be used with nouns to indicate ownership or relationship.

  18. Base Words A base word is a word in its simplest form. A base word has nothing added to it. Examples: Do Heat Write Read Pack

  19. Base Words Write the base words. Played Running Reheat Quickly Unhappy

  20. Base Words

  21. Base Words

  22. Prefixes Prefixes are added to the beginning of a base word. They change the meaning of the base word. Un + happy = unhappy Re + do = redo

  23. The prefix re means again. Reread means to read again. Rewrite means to write again. What does reheat mean? The prefix un means not or the opposite of. Uncomfortable means not comfortable. Unpack means the opposite of pack. What does unclear mean? Prefixes

  24. ____do ____happy ____clear ____read ____pack The opposite of pack Do again Opposite of clear Read again Not happy PrefixesAdd a prefix to the beginning of each word to make a new word. Draw a line form the word to its meaning.

  25. Prefixes

  26. Prefixes

  27. Suffixes Suffixes are added to the end of a base word. They change the meaning of the base word. wonder + ful = wonderful rest + ful = restful

  28. The suffix ly means in a certain way. Quickly means in a quick way. Loudly means in a loud way. What does suddenly mean? The suffix ful means full of. Colorful means full of color. Playful means full of play. What does thankful mean? Suffixes

  29. Loud____ Color____ Wonder____ Sudden_____ Play____ In a loud way Full of play Full of wonder In a sudden way Full of color SuffixesAdd a suffix to the end of each base word. Draw a line to its new meaning.

  30. Suffixes

  31. Journal 9/14- In your groups, think of as many synonyms for the word Happy Now Discuss which of your words is the best example of a synonym and why. Then, think of as many antonyms as you can for the same word. Now Discuss which of your words is the best example of antonym and why.

  32. Synonyms Antonyms

  33. Synonyms and Antonyms • Synonyms- Words that are similar in meaning • Antonyms-Words that are opposite in meaning.

  34. Homophones

  35. Homophones • Words that sound alike but have different meanings and spellings. • There • Their • They’re

  36. Homonyms • Words that sound the same and are spelt the same, but have different meanings. • Club • Fin • Rock

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