Parts of a Sentence

1. Parts of a Sentence

2. Subject Subjects tell whom or what the sentence is about.

3. Identify the Subject Jose Canseco caught the ball. They sent us an invitation. The judges named Consuelo the winner. Denzel Washington is an actor. The players seem weary. Is this what you want?

4. Solutions • Jose Canseco caught the ball. • They sent us an invitation. • The judges named Consuelo the winner. • Denzel Washington is an actor. • The players seem weary. • Is this what you want?

5. Types of Subjects • Simple- main word or word group that tells whom or what the sentence is about. • We went to the park. • Complete- the simple subject and any word groups that modify(describe) it. • The happy cat played with the string. • Compound- two or more subjects that are joined by a conjunction and have the same verb. • The basketball team and football players fight over the best seats in the library.

6. Predicate (Verb) • Tells something about the subject. • Lightning struck. • Everyone enjoyed reading The Hunger Games. • All of the seeds sprouted. • Into the sky soared the young eagle. • Were did your family go on vacation?

7. Identify the Predicate • Jose Canseco caught the ball. • They sent us an invitation. • The judges named Consuelo the winner. • Denzel Washington is an actor. • The players seem weary. • Is this what you want?

8. Solutions • Jose Cansecocaught the ball. • They sent us an invitation. • The judges named Consuelo the winner. • Denzel Washington is an actor. • The players seem weary. • Is this what you want?

9. Types • Simple- main word or word group that tells something about the subject. • The puppy chased his tail frantically. • Complete- simple predicate and the words that modify(describe) it or complete its meaning. • The puppy chased his tail frantically. • Compound- two or more verbs joined by a conjunction that have the same subject. • We chose a puppy and brought him home immediately.

10. Subject or Predicate? The dog shivered. An owl shrieked. The moon disappeared behind the clouds. We waited. For a moment, nobody even breathed. A light rain fellon our heads. The leaves trembled. Our hearts beatfaster. Then the black sky opened up. Furious flames lit up the night.

11. Solutions The dog shivered. P An owl shrieked. S The moon disappeared behind the clouds. P We waited. S For a moment, nobody even breathed. S A light rain fell on our heads. P The leaves trembled. P Our hearts beat faster. P Then the black sky opened up. S Furious flames lit up the night. S

12. Complements Word or word group that completes the meaning of a verb.

13. Complements • Direct Object- noun, pronoun, or word group that tells who or what receives the action of the verb. • The direct object answers the question whom or what after a verb. • Do toads cause warts? • What a compelling lesson that was! • The dog chased Suzy and Johnny through the park.

14. Complements • Indirect Object- noun, pronoun, or word group that precedes a direct object and tells to/for whom or to/for what the action of the verb is done. • Their artistic skill won them honors. • The principal gave her the award. • He showed Mom and Dad the plans for the birthday party.

15. Practice Turn to page 524 in the grammar textbook and look at Exercise 3: Identifying Direct Objects and Indirect Objects. Look over the examples, don’t worry about finding the Objective Complements.

16. Phrases A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a single part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb.

17. Prepositional Phrases • Includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, and any modifiers of that object. • The tall building with the red roof is our new library. • Next to it is the old library. • Female cardinals are brownish red and have red markings on their wings and tail.

18. Prepositional phrases • Adjective Phrases • Prepositional phrases that modify a noun or pronoun. • Adverb • Prepositional phrases that modify a verb, adjective, or adverb.

19. There are also… Participial Phrases Gerund Phrases Infinitive Phrases Appositive Phrases

20. Clauses • Clause- word group that contains a verb and its subject and is used as a sentence or part of a sentence. • Independent- expresses a complete thought; can stand alone as a sentence. • Dependent- do not express complete thoughts and cannot stand on their own. (They still have S & V)

21. Identifying Clauses • My older sister showed us how she sketches human faces so skillfully. • Whenever Sue smells ginger, she remembers her mother’s kitchen. • I know a boy whose grandfather was one of the first astronauts. • Whether the state government should raise the sales tax was the issue before the legislature that afternoon. • My uncle Leon, who served in Vietnam, is now a businessman.

22. Solutions • My older sister showed us how she sketches human faces so skillfully. D • Whenever Sue smells ginger, she remembers her mother’s kitchen. D • I know a boy whose grandfather was one of the first astronauts.I • Whether the state government should raise the sales tax was the issue before the legislature that afternoon.D • My uncle Leon, who served in Vietnam, is now a businessman. I