Forging the New Republic

1. Forging the New Republic Chapter 2, Section 3

2. G. Washington takes office in 1789 • Set up cabinet • Sec. of War: Henry Knox • Sec. of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton • Sec. of State: Thomas Jefferson • Hamilton wanted strong central gov. • Jefferson wanted more power in states • Judiciary Act 1789: 6-judge Supreme Court and lower courts • John Jay made Chief Justice

5. Hamilton’s Financial Plan • Gov. had no $ • Hamilton created a controversial 3-point plan • Fed. Gov. take on state & National debt • Gov. raise $ by passing tariffs • Create a National Bank & National Mint to stabilize currency • Some thought plan favored wealthy • Southerners had already paid war debts • Tensions solved by moving capital to Philadelphia, then Wash. DC

6. Bank of the United States • Creation of a national bank wasn’t in the Cons. • Strict Constructionists (Jefferson) • Some believed the Cons. allowed anything not forbidden • Loose Constructionists (Hamilton) • Jefferson wanted Washington to veto Bank Bill • Hamilton convinced Washington that gov. had to be flexible

7. Jefferson’s followers: Democratic Republicans • Hamilton’s followers: Federalists • Demo.-Repubs. support revolution in France • Federalists against it • Washington issues Neutrality Proclamation • John Jay negotiated treaty w/Britain to pay for ships they had seized & to leave forts in NW territory • Pinckney treaty settled boundary disputes with Spain in FL

9. Whiskey Rebellion: protest vs. tax on whiskey • Attacked tax collectors & burned property of people who reported stills • Washington sent militia quickly • Indian battles in NW territory • Anthony Wayne defeats Indians @battle of Fallen Timbers • Adams sends diplomats for better French relations; France wanted bribes • XYZ affair

12. Jefferson’s Presidency 1800: 1st election that changed party in power T. Jefferson/Aaron Burr tie led to 12th Amend. T.J.’s plan: reduce taxes, reduce size & influence of Fed. Gov. End of Adam’s term, he appointed 5 new judges Sec. of State Madison refused to deliver commission to one Marbury v. Madison; right to judge law

13. Louisiana Purchase Major achievement of TJ presidency Purchased from France Jefferson strict constructionist; Cons. didn’t give president power to purchase TJ decided it was included in “make treaty” provision Lewis & Clark sent to explore new territory Sacajawea is Shoshone guide Reach Pacific 1805

15. Lewis & Clark map with notations by Meriwether Lewis

17. Recruitment of Pvt. John Newman at Fort Massac

21. War of 1812 1803 Napoleonic Wars in Europe French & British warships stopping American ships British seize American sailors British encouraging Indian attacks on settlers in NW territory “War Hawks” in Congress call for war War of 1812 (Madison) fought from Canada to Louisiana & on seas British attack DC & burn White House & Capitol

22. Final battle in New Orleans after treaty signed (1814) Andrew Jackson defeats British at the battle of New Orleans National hero Increase in national pride Foreign respect for U.S. Increase in American manufacturing Less Native American resistance

23. The War of 1812 History Channel Productions