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Structure of Matter. Standard 3 : Elements have distinct properties and atomic structure. All matter is comprised of one or more of over 100 elements.
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Structure of Matter Standard 3: Elements have distinct properties and atomic structure. All matter is comprised of one or more of over 100 elements. Benchmark E: In solids the atoms are closely locked in position and can only vibrate. In liquids the atoms and molecules are more loosely connected and can collide with and move past one another. In gases the atoms or molecules are free to move independently, colliding frequently.
Properties of Solids • The particles in a solid are packed very closely together. • Each particle is tightly fixed in one position. • The fixed, tightly packed arrangement causes a solid to have a definite shape and volume. • The particles in a solid are not motionless – they are able to vibrate.
Properties of Liquids • The particles in a liquid are packed almost as closely as in a solid. • Compared to the particles in a solid, the particles in a liquid are more loosely connected and can collide with and move past one another. The particles slide around one another but stay in contact. • A liquid can flow and has no definite shape (no shape of its own) but it does have a definite volume.
Properties of a Gas • Gas particles move about freely and collide randomly with the walls of the container and each other. • A gas can change volume easily. It can squeeze together or spread apart to fill its container. • Gas particles move in all directions and as they move they spread apart. This is why a gas does not have a definite shape or volume. • The distance between the particles in a gas is much greater than in a solid or a liquid.
