US CMS Silicon Tracker

1. US CMS Silicon Tracker US LHC Detector Maintenance and Operations Evaluation Group Meeting Joe Incandela University of California Santa Barbara US CMS Silicon Tracker Project Manager January 18, 2006 Outline: Project overview, status, completion dates Installation and Commissioning, Maintenance and Operations R&D for upgrades

2. US Tracker Group • Brown University • R. Hooper, G. Landsberg, H.D. Nguyen, C. Pehlevan, Z. Wan • University of California, Riverside (UCR) • G. Hanson, H. Liu, G.Y. Jeng, G. Pasztor, A. Satpathy, R. Stringer • University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) • A. Affolder, S. Burke, C. Campagnari, M. D’Alfonso, F. Garberson, J. Incandela, P. Kalavase, S. Kyre, J. Lamb, C. Mills, J. Ribnik, J. Richman, D. Stuart, D. White + technicians • University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC) • E. Shabalina, C. Gerber, T. Ten • Fermilab (FNAL) • P. Bhat, S. Cihangir, M. Demarteau, M. Hrycyk, H. Jensen, M. Johnson, A. Ronzhin, E. Skup, J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Tkaczyk + technicians • University of Kansas (KU) • P. Baringer, A. Bean, D. Coppage • Mexican Consortium: • Cinvestav: H. Castilla, R. Perez, A. Sanchez • Puebla: E. Medel, H. Salazar • San Luis Potosi: A. Morelos • University of Rochester (UR) • R.Demina, Y. Gotra, S. Korjenevski, S. Lockwood, D. Miner, P. Tipton + technicians

3. US Responsibilities End Caps (TEC) ~100 m2 50% Modules for Rings 5,6,7 and hybrid processing Rings 2,5,6,7 Outer Barrel (TOB) ~100 m2 2.4 m 5.4 m

4. Modules Assembled in the US TOB r-phi TOB stereo TEC R7 TEC R5S TEC R5P TEC R6

5. Module Production, Yield, Schedule • Modules •  5000 complete  •  2000 remaining • Yields: • Mechanical: 99.5% • Electronic: 98.9% • Long-term test w/thermal cycle: 99.9% • Scheduled completion: 4/26/06 • Front End Hybrids • US has wirebonded, thermal cycled and fully tested 7,800 hybrids:yield = 98.3% • Scheduled completion: 3/10/06

6. Quality • 1,945 bad channels out of 3,026,680 total • 99.94% Good Channels

7. Rods • UCSB and FNAL are ready • US capacity of > 130/month • Both sites demonstrated high throughput for sustained periods • Procedures and test protocols are well-established • Start of production has slipped • Spring ‘05: US group found problem with I2C communication • Required redesign of interconnect cards (ICC) • New ICC solve problem and production nearly complete • Autumn ’05: US group saw damage of modules on rods • Discharge damage caused (most likely) by unexpected behavior of CAEN power supplies used in test stands. Rod on assembly fixture

8. Discharge damage FNAL In controlled tests: Discharge at 800, 1000 V DC for wire clearances of 50,90 mm, respectively UCSB

9. Restarting Production • Possible remedies • Make sure supplies for CMS tracker are safe • How to be sure? Are there no other sources of transients? Beam losses for instance? • Encapsulate wirebonds with Sylgard 186 • Would increase the breakdown threshold of the wire/plane gap by a factor of 5. • Has been used in D0, CDF (layer 00 now 1.5 MRad exposure) and Babar (4 MRad exposure) • Some additional cost, several incidental benefits, no significant impact on schedule. • Decision this week • Tracker management board meeting Thursday, Jan. 19 • Rod production will restart next week • Will complete deliveries to CERN by June

10. Transition to M&O • US is building up a team to cover a substantial portion of the installation and commissioning (I&C) of the TOB • US Team resident at CERN now: J. Spalding (FNAL), S. Tkaczyk (FNAL), J. Lamb and M. D’Alfonso (UCSB) • Winter/Spring: G.Y. Jeng & A. Satpathy (UCR), + 2 more technicians • Expect several more scientists to start in Summer • US physicists and engineers consulting part-time at CERN: • M. Johnson (FNAL), M. Hrycyk (FNAL) • We have planned for a group of this size for several years, but the mix now includes more engineers and technicians. • M. Johnson (Physicist FNAL) and M. Hrycyk (Engineer FNAL) are important additions with extensive electronics and mechanical expertise, respectively, but more expertise is needed. We are in discussions now to bring. S. Moccia and L. Bagby (FNAL engineers) on board. • For maintenance and operation (M&O) of the TOB we need a team to provide support in all 6 areas of operation. • In FY07, large M&O support team must be in place. • We estimate 13 physicists at CERN together with continued engineering and technical support & associated M&S and operating costs for maintaining a small laboratory space for testing.

11. Recent US Contributions to CERN Integration and Commissioning • New management (P. Sharp – CERN) • Major effort to find the best people to lead aspects of the integration effort and to establish a credible plan to have an optimal tracker in time for data-taking • Tracker Integration group leadership: N. Bacchetta (INFN Padova) and J. Spalding (FNAL) • Both have many years experience from Tevatron Silicon • DAQ Integration group leadership: S. Tkaczyk (FNAL) • Also many years of silicon experience from the Tevatron • Systems consultant: M. Johnson (FNAL) • Already played major roles in solving serious problems for tracker • Mechanical integration engineering consultant: M. Hrycyk (FNAL) • Major player in design and construction of all CDF silicon. Has joined recently and has already had an impact. • Major new Integration Facility for coordinating all tracker integration and early commissioning • Strongly endorsed (and paid for) by US CMS • Schedule • TOB integration started this summer and extends to Nov. 2006.

12. Rod installation tools 2nd rod installation tool currently being manufactured at FNAL

13. Rod insertion and cabling Need two teams of technicians: The US is providing part of one team

14. Electrical tests 1 MIP > 100 ADC counts Low noise. The grounding scheme works! All bad channels found were pre-existing. US providing the testing team: Jim Lamb & M. D’Alfonso of UCSB are there now

15. Tracker Support Tube in the new Tracker Integration Facility

16. US Tracker Monitoring • Headed by P. Bhat (FNAL) and L. Shabalina (UIC) • Successful joint FNAL/CERN workshop in December • Establish communication among interested parties • Identify and help develop appropriate tools • Gain experience w/standard DQM software, use it in I&C • Establish a group at Fermilab • Remote monitoring/analysis of data from I&C in ~real time • Build/improve diagnostics and other essential tools

17. M&O Cost Estimate • FY05: begin establishing a core US group at CERN • Supervised by J. Spalding & S. Tkaczyk • FY06: ramp up over the course of the year • Involved in integration and pre-ops • Shift manpower from US to CERN as production tasks finish • FY07-FY08 • Final Commissioning and data taking

18. US CMS SITRK M&O Resources • Manpower on Base • Scientists, faculty, post-docs, students, and ~2 engineers.. • Post-docs all redirected from other programs or the production effort. • There are more post-docs and students available for redirection than we currently believe we need to deploy to CERN • Manpower on Project • All technicians and additional engineering. • Essentially all of this manpower will be at CERN • Some fraction of 2 engineers on base support and project supported technicians will be involved in R&D in the US

19. Experience matters CDF • First 2 years of operation (FY07-08) will be critical years • Difficult problems will have to be solved and will require experienced people • Establish all steady state operations of the tracker • Diagnosis and classification of 100’s of failure modes and problems • Detailed operating procedures & training guidelines • Refine all monitoring, calibration and alignment methods

20. Upgrade R&D Issues • CMS silicon has limited lifetime. • 10 years of operation (we hope). • SLHC will require a new tracker. • We need to be involved in future efforts at the level of prototyping and testing silicon or silicon-alternative designs. • Ongoing effort to study new planar devices in coordination with FPIX group - to replace current pixels • Commercial, large-scale silicon pixel production - to replace strips at inner radii • Microstrip detectors with floating strips at outer layer • We are also developing concepts for a substantially lower mass tracker • Low mass mechanics shared by more than one layer, thinned sensors and electronics, more pixel layers and fewer overall layers…

21. Summary & Conclusions • Major progress on tracker fabrication in past year • Modules >70% complete • Rods complete in June • We’ve established a core US group resident CERN • Ramp to 8-9 people this winter as planned but includes more technicians and engineers than previously considered. • More engineers are very much needed • Plans are in place for the transition to steady state M&O team in subsequent year