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ILWS Science in the Solar System

ILWS Science in the Solar System. Hermann J. Opgenoorth Solar System Missions Division Research and Science Support Department ESA - ESTEC. Ulysses Milestones. Launch: 6 Oct 1990 by space shuttle Discovery Polar Passes: 1994 (south) / 1995 (north) 2000 (south) / 2001 (north)

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ILWS Science in the Solar System

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  1. ILWS Science in the Solar System Hermann J. Opgenoorth Solar System Missions Division Research and Science Support Department ESA - ESTEC

  2. Ulysses Milestones • Launch: 6 Oct 1990 by space shuttle Discovery • Polar Passes: • 1994 (south) / 1995 (north) • 2000 (south) / 2001 (north) • 2006/7 (south) / 2007/8 (north) • End of Prime Mission: 30 Sep 1995 • ESA Extensions of Scientific Operations: • Jun 1993 SPC: 1 Oct 1995 – 31 Dec 2001 (6.2 yrs) • Jun 2000 SPC: 1 Jan 2002 – 30 Sep 2004 (2.75 yrs) • Feb 2004 SPC: 1 Oct 2004 – 31 Mar 2008 (3.5 yrs)

  3. Ulysses 3rd round over the sun’s poles

  4. SOHO - our eye on the Sun

  5. 10 Years of SOHO • > 2500 refereed papers by • > 2300 scientists • > 140 Ph.D. theses • > 1000 comets • > 2,000,000 command blocks sent to the spacecraft • > 100,000,000 exposures MDI • > 16 TB in SOHO archive • > 85 TB of data served • > 275,000,000 web page requests served

  6. Current mission extension until 12/2009 Joint programs with HINODE and STEREO 08/2008: Launch of “next-generation SOHO”: SDO 2009: cross-calibration of MDI/EIT with SDO > 2010: reduced automated mission (Bonus/Bogart mission) (coronagraphs, TSI,…) SOHO’s Future

  7. Scientific regions visited by Cluster: dayside February magnetosheath bow shock magnetopause cusp lobe plasma sheet solar wind

  8. Scientific regions visited by Cluster: nightside September magnetosheath bow shock magnetopause cusp lobe plasma sheet solar wind

  9. Cluster milestones • Cluster I launched by Ariane 5 (failure): 4 June 1996 • Cluster II first Launch: 16 July 2000 by Soyuz Fregat (first ESA spacecraft from Baikonour) • Second launch: 10 August 2000 by Soyuz Fregat • End of Prime Mission: 1 February 2003 • First extension: 1 Feb. 2003 - 31 Dec. 2005 + full orbit coverage • Cluster active archive startup: Feb 2003 • 2nd extension: 1 Jan. 2006 - 31 Dec. 2009 (mid-term review end 2007) 2001 2008-2009

  10. C1,C2,C3 C3,C4 C3 C1 C4 C2 Separation distances changed every 6 months d “Multiscale” cusp tail 50km!

  11. ESA Support to Hinode • ESA, in sub-contractual collaboration with the Norwegian Space Centre, provides • one additional downlink contact to Solar-B for each of the 15 orbits per day • This support considerably improves the overall scientific data return and the cadence of • observations from the Solar-B mission • The European scientific community is • catered with processed data through • a dedicated Solar B data centre • at the University of Oslo • MoU with JAXA • two European members on the Hinode • SWT were appointed this spring.

  12. Svalbard Ground Station for Hinode • Reasons: • Possibility to track all 15 orbits per day • Antenna redundancy, and also strong • Norwegian interest • in the mission.

  13. Aurora at Earth Jupiter Saturn

  14. Mars plasma environment Solar wind Planetary wind • ASPERA • Characterisation of the planetary wind composition (atomic & molecular O+ ) away from the solar wind. • Solar wind scavenging of the atmosphere down to 270 km altitude, representing a major mechanism in neutral atmospheric degassing and past climate change. • Planetary heavy ions accelerated up to very high energies. • For the first time, ”radiation” of fast atoms is observed at Mars. • Current escape rate of Martian atmosphere (solar minimum). ≈100 ton/day Planetary wind (O+)

  15. VENUS - Express :Plasma environment seen by ASPERA and MAG IP IP BS BS Induced Magnetosphere Magnetosheath e- SW SW B i+

  16. Bepi Colombo Two satellites to Mercury’s magnetosphere

  17. European ILWS Strategy in an Overview

  18. European ILWS Strategy in an Overview

  19. ILWSFuture Missions - SWARM • ESA - EOP Living Planet 3-satellite mission to study core dynamics and geodynamo processes, crustal magnetisation, and ocean circulation from low Earth orbit. • Ionosphere-magnetosphere current systems and magnetic forcing of the upper atmosphere need to be derived and taken care of - “one man’s noise is another man’s data” • Selected by Earth Obs. Program Board for Launch in 2009 (now 2010) • Electric Field Instrument (Ion Drift Meter) provided by CSA in collaboration with ESA Science Programme • For optimisation of GEOSPACE science capabilities an additional electron instrument “Conducto-meter” was discussed - but not achieved • Science operation and data products will be organised and shared between D/EOP and D/SCI (Definition process soon to be initiated)

  20. PROBA - 2 ESA Technology Demonstrator Project for On-Board Autonomy within ESA D/TEC Successor of PROBA1 (launched in 2001, dedicated to Earth observation) ESA mission with Belgium as lead funder (through GSTP) Prime contractor: Verhaert Design & Devl. (Belgium) Schedule: development 2003-2006 and launch 2008 into an LEO 06-18 Sun-synchronous orbit Following a proposal to the ESA NLM programme the Proba-2 science operation has been «adopted«  for a 2 year mission duration by the May 2006 SPC meeting - at a cost of 2.8 Meuro for ESA.

  21. Solar Orbiter Next major Solar and Heliospheric mission ESA ILWS flagship 2015 - 2025 Now with the Inner Heliospheric Sentinels

  22. SENTINELS Report of the Science andTechnology Definition Team available at http://sentinels.gsfc.nasa.gov

  23. ESA’s Cosmic Vision, 2015-2025 Themes: • What are the conditions for life and planetary formation? • How does the Solar System work? • From the Sun to the edge of the Solar System (including the “hierarchy of scales” in plasma-physical processes) • Gaseous Giants and their Moons • The Building Blocks of the Solar System: Asteroids and Small Bodies • What are the fundamental laws of the Universe? • How did the Universe originate and what is it made of?

  24. ESA’s Cosmic Vision, 2015-2025 Call issued in March 2007, Input due June 28 2007 Outlook from received Letters of Intent: In total 9 proposals in realm of ILWS expected (all M Class) 5 Solar missions already listed in Solar TG report 2 Magnetospheric 1 “IT” mission in margin of IT TG interest 1 Heliospheric missions (with long time frame) Downselection into 6 out of 64 expected proposals in 2007 Downselection into 2 flight opportunities - 1 M & 1 L Class after 2 years of competitive study in 2009/2010 Followed be AO for new slice of CV 2015-2025 “programme”. (formally there will be no programmatic approach…)

  25. Other ESA News Science Programme Review Team (SPRT) Ongoing Plans to create Opportunities for Collaborations Reorganisation of RSSD & New Science Operation Scheme Bilateral Meetings in 2007 NASA, JAXA still to come: China, Russia

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