Development of Biogas and Biofuels in India WORKSHOP ON INDO-ASEAN COOPERATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY

1. Development of Biogas and Biofuels in India WORKSHOP ON INDO-ASEAN COOPERATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY 5th November, 2012 Anil Dhussa, Director Ministry of New & Renewable Energy New Delhi

2. Bioenergy Options • Biomass Combustion / Co-generation • Improved solid fuels (Pellet, Briquettes, Char) • Gaseous Fuels - Bio-chemical / Bio-methanation (Biogas) - Thermo-chemical (Producer Gas) • Liquid Fuels -Extraction (Trans esterification / biodiesel) - Thermo-Chemical (Pyrolysis Oil) - Bio-chemical (Ethanol, Butanol)

3. Biomethanation • Biomethanation / Anaerobic Digestion (AD) has emerged as a mature technology for energy from animal and agro-industrial wastes / residues, biomass and energy crops • Large Potential of energy recovery from above substrates and treatment & disposal of wastes

4. Bio-energy Resources in India Agricultural residues / energy crops • Over 140 M ha arable land is estimated to produce over 700 MTA biomass • 50 M ha arable land is under mono cropping - potential for short cycle cellulosic biomass. Cattle dung and Poultry droppings • 1000 MTA from 300 million cows & buffaloes. • 8 MTA from 500 million poultry birds. MSW • By 2021 urban population likely to be 550 mil - would generate > 150 MTA of MSW

5. Potential in India • Surplus biomass : 17000 MW • Cows manure : 1500 MW • and poultry droppings • Urban Wastes : 2600 MW • Industrial Wastes : 1300 MW

6. Benefits of Biogas Technology • Biomethanation (AD) produces energy and treats waste • Contributes to energy security through use of local resources • Produces superior organic manure - Industrial AD Plants can produce assured quality organic fertilizer for improving profitability • De-centralised application for segregated organic wastes help to reduce landfills

7. Biogas from Industrial wastes Likely Capacities • Distilleries effluent : 1 MW / 30 kL • Dairies (milk processing) : 100 kW / 3 lakh litres • Paper Mills (Black Liq. +) : 1 MW / 60 TPD paper • Slaughterhouse waste : 100 kW / 10-12 TPD • Poultry droppings : 1 MW / 1 Million birds • Cattle dung : 100 kW / 25 TPD

8. Biogas in India • 4.5 M Household biogas plants based on cattle manure mainly for producing cooking fuel • Mid sized biogas plants based on cattle manure and other similar wastes for heat, electricity or motive power • Biogas from urban and industrial wastes and effluents • Co-digestion of farm / agricultural residues with urban and industrial wastes

9. Biogas from Animal Manure and Agro-residues • 1 MW and 1.2 MW Cattle manure based biogas projects at Ludhiana, Punjab and Jabalpur, MP • About 2000 small and medium size biogas plants based on cattle manure for heat, electricity or motive power (5-25 kW) • 1.5 and 2.5 MW biogas projects based on poultry droppings in Tamil Nadu • Two projects of 4 MW each for agricultural wastes / residues in Punjab under installation

10. Biogas fromIndustrial Wastes • 1.5 MW power from food processing and sugar industry solid waste • Four biogas projects for bagasse / straw wash-water in paper mills • About 20 projects for heat and/or power from starch industry effluents • Over 250 distilleries generating biogas for heat and/or power from their spent wash/effluent • Demonstration projects for converting biogas into bio-CNG

12. 1.0 MW power project based on cattle dung at a Dairy Complex Ludhiana, Punjab Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010

13. 1.2 MW power project based on cattle manure at Dairy Colony in Jabalpur

14. Biomethanation of bagasse wash-water at Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Company Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010

15. 3000 cum biomethanation project for solid waste at Slaughterhouse in Andhra Pradesh Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010

16. 2 MW biogas power at a distillery Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010

17. Kitchen waste biogas plant

18. Government Support for Biogas Programme • Financial and fiscal support • Provisions in the Electricity Act 2003 - Open access to grid for RE power - Preferential tariffs by State regulators - RE Power Obligations for Transcos • Capacity building measures • Support for Research and Development

19. Biofuels in India • 1st generation Biofuels - From molasses – bio-ethanol - From oil bearing seeds (SVO and biodiesel) • 2nd generation Biofuels: ligno-cellulosic substrates - Ethanol through enzymatic fermentation - bio-crude, bio-oil (Thermo-chemical route) • 3rd generation Biofuels - Algae, green diesel • 4th generation Biofuels: CO2 sequestration …….

20. National Biofuel Policy • Announced in December, 2009 • Development and utilization of indigenous non-food feedstocks raised on degraded or waste lands • Thrust on research and development on cultivation, processing and production of biofuels • 20% Ethanol and Bio-diesel blending by 2017 – current target is 5% blending – achieving ~ 2%

21. Some Recent Initiatives • Identified quality germ-plasms of Jatropha and assessed their availability for multiplication • Facility for large scale micro-propagation of elite Jatropha genotypes under development • Demonstration projects on promising genotypes taken up • Major thrust on R & D on 2nd Generation Biofuels • Pilot projects set up

22. Initiatives taken by Industry • Private and Public sector industry active in R&D, Plantation of oilseed bearing trees and production of bio-diesel and bio-ethanol • 10 bio-diesel plants set up with capacities ranging from 30-1600 TPD and aggregating to 3080 TPD. • This production capacity can replace over 2% of the current diesel demand. • Slowdown as adequate feedstock not available

23. THANK YOU akdhussa@nic.in www.mnre.gov.in