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Autism spectrum disorders

Autism spectrum disorders. Christine Williams Howard University Spring 2012. What is Autism spectrum disorder?. A developmental disability including poor social development and rigid behavior About 1 in 88 babies is born with an ASD

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Autism spectrum disorders

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  1. Autism spectrum disorders Christine Williams Howard University Spring 2012

  2. What is Autism spectrum disorder? • A developmental disability including poor social development and rigid behavior • About 1 in 88 babies is born with an ASD • Autism spectrum disorders (aka pervasive development disorder) include autistic disorder (AD), Rett’s, Asperger’s, childhood disintegrative disorder, and PDD-not otherwise specified

  3. What is PDD-nos? • The least severe spectrum disorder • Children with PDD-NOS do not meet enough of the qualifications for any other ASD

  4. What are the symptoms of ad? • Lack of social reciprocity • Occurrence of echolia • Repetitive or ritualistic behavior, “stimming” • Self-injurious behavior

  5. When is it diagnosed? • Autistic disorder is identified as early as 2 or 2 ½ years old • Early diagnosis is due to the nature of the symptoms- lack of language ability, social interactions

  6. Infants with aD • Delay in pointing at new objects, recognizing their own name, and looking at faces • Babies don’t make noise or babble • By sixteen months, they may not know any spoken words • Disinterest in games like “peek-a-boo”

  7. Toddlers with AD • Crucial time for intervention! • Toddlers don’t have basic linguistic skills, can’t say two-word phrases • Repetition, echolia • Toddlers do not like to be picked up • They don’t engage in imaginative play

  8. School aged children with AD • Children tend to play alone, isolating themselves • Awkward, rigid personalities • Repetition • Learning numbers and the alphabet takes longer because of cognitive delays

  9. Secondary Children with AD • Increased awkwardness, anxiety around other peers • Puberty may trigger seizures in boys, more stress and anxiety in girls • Children with AD hate change, so adapting to new schools is very difficult • Continued delay in linguistic ability • Inability to understand figurative language

  10. Interventions • Early intervention is essential • Parents should screen children that show symptoms ASAP • Sensory input • Breaks during class • Sign Language • Interactive Language Board • Voice Output Communication Board

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