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Pushing the Axis Back

Pushing the Axis Back. Strategic Bombing. RAF & US 8 th Air Force dropped 53k tons of bombs on Germany every mo. (1943-1945) Effects of bombing: caused oil shortage, wrecked RR system destroyed factories (Luftwaffe couldn’t replace # of losses & lost air superiority over Germany/Europe).

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Pushing the Axis Back

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  1. Pushing the Axis Back

  2. Strategic Bombing • RAF & US 8th Air Force dropped 53k tons of bombs on Germany every mo. (1943-1945) • Effects of bombing: • caused oil shortage, wrecked RR system • destroyed factories (Luftwaffe couldn’t replace # of losses & lost air superiority over Germany/Europe)

  3. Italy Falls...Kind of • After Allies capture Sicily (7/43), King of Italy has Mussolini arrested • While King surrenders to Allies, Germany takes control of N. Italy & breaks Mussolini out of prison • Germany retreats from Italy after battles of Anzio & Cassino (300k Allied casualties)

  4. Decisions/Agreements Reached @ Tehran Conference • 1) Break up Germany after war to prevent future threat to world peace2) Stalin promised to launch full scale offensive against Germany from E. after Allies invaded France from W.

  5. decisions/agreements reached @ Tehran Conference • 3) Stalin promised to help fight Japan once Germany was defeated4) Creation of int’l organization to keep peace after the war

  6. Operation Overlord (D-Day) • - Allied plan for invasion of ‘Fortress Europe’- Objective: invade Europe via 5 beaches near Normandy, France (amphibious)- U.S. would land @ Utah & Omaha beaches

  7. Keys to Success: • 1) Weak German defenses2) Allied transport ships had to move across English channel at night3) Invasion force had to arrive at target at low tide (beach obstacles)

  8. Keys to Success (cont.): • 4) Low tide had to occur in AM so naval gunners could see shore targets5) Airborne troops (101st) had to drop on a moonlight night

  9. D-Day • June 6th, 1944 • 7k ships, 100k Infantry, 23k paratroopers = largest amphibious operation in history • US faced strongest resistance @ Omaha (2,500 casualties)

  10. Diadem #1: In your opinion, of the 5 factors that had to exist in order for Operation Overload to be successful, which, was the most important? Why?

  11. U.S. Strategy For Defeating Japan • 2-Prong Attack • US Pacific Fleet (Nimitz) would advance through C. Pacific using Island Hopping Campaign • Navy + Marines (MacArthur) would advance through S. Pacific & re-take Philippines

  12. Island-Hopping Campaign (Nimitz) • Definition: taking of one island and then skipping to anotherReasons for campaign:- 1) Saved U.S. from having to take every Japanese occupied island in Pacific (hundreds)

  13. Island-Hopping campaign (cont.) • 2) limited war to only those of greatest strategic importance (Tarawa, Saipan, Eniwetok) • Reason: needed air- fields for B-29 bomber)

  14. Battle of Leyte Gulf significant-why? • 1) Largest Naval Battle in history (# of ships & tonnage) • 2) 1st time Kamikaze attacks occurred • 3) Last remaining Japanese carrier that participated in attack on Pearl Harbor sunk (Zuikaku)

  15. THE END

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