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Web Programming Essentials:

Web Programming Essentials:. Connecting to Server Transferring Files Unix Basics. Publishing Web Content. Web Content Creation Mode #1 ( easy ) Create HTML & CGI files on the PC using Notepad . Upload the files to the Web server using SFTP .

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Web Programming Essentials:

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  1. Web Programming Essentials: Connecting to Server Transferring Files Unix Basics Web Programming

  2. Publishing Web Content • Web Content Creation Mode #1 (easy) • Create HTML & CGI files on the PC using Notepad. • Upload the files to the Web server using SFTP. • Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)  Method for transferring data on the Internet • Web Content Creation Mode #2 (preferred) • Login to the Web server using SSH. • Secure SHell (SSH)  Method for connecting to computers on the Internet • Create HTML & CGI files using a Unix editor (e.g., pico, vi) Edit Web Server PC Edit Publish Display upload toWeb Server Display Display Publish WCC Mode #1 WCC Mode #2 Web Programming

  3. Connecting to Server • Secure SHell (SSH) • Method for connecting to computers on the Internet • Like Window’s Remote Desktop (without the GUI) • SSH Client Software • SSH Client • PuTTY Web Programming

  4. SSH Client: PuTTY • PuTTY configuration • Download and double click PuTTY • Type in the Host Name (e.g. widit.knu.ac.kr) and click Open • Login Web Programming

  5. SSH Client: PuTTY • PuTTY configuration (continued) • Right-click the top blue bar of the PuTTY window • Select “Change Settings” • Select “Translation” under Window Category • Set Character set translation to “UTF-8” Web Programming

  6. SSH Client: PuTTY • PuTTY configuration (continued) • Select “Appearance” under Window Category • Set Font settings to desired font if needed • Select “Colors” under Window Category • Set Default Foreground and Default Background to desired colors if needed • Click Apply to apply the current settings. Web Programming

  7. SSH Client: PuTTY • PuTTY configuration (continued) • Click the “Session” category • Type in a name for the current configuration (e.g., widit) in the “Saved Sessions” box • Click Save to save the current settings • Next time, you can right-Click the top blue bar and select Saved Sessions tochoose the appropriate session (e.g. widit) Web Programming

  8. Transferring Files • Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) • Method for transferring data on the Internet • SFTP Clients • GUI Interactive file transfer programs • SSH Secure File Transfer (includes SSH client: SSH Secure Shell) Web Programming

  9. SFTP Client: SSH Secure File Transfer • SSH Secure File Transfer(includes SSH client) • Click File, and select Connect • Type in the Remote Host Name (e.g. widit.knu.ac.kr), User Name, and click Connect • Type in Password Web Programming

  10. SFTP Client: SSH SFTP • SSH Secure File Transfer(continued) • Click Profiles, and select Add Profile • Type in the profile name (e.g. widit-ftp) and click Add to Profiles • Next time, Click Profiles and select the saved profile name to connect Web Programming

  11. Unix:OS for Internet Servers Web Programming

  12. Unix Basics • Unix is an Operating System • An operating system (OS) is software that enable the computer to function • Developed in 1960’s at Bell Laboratories • to run multiple concurrent processes for many users • Ideal OS for Web servers • Unix Differences (from Windows) • No GUI • No “Undo” feature • It is CASE SENSITIVE • Unix Fundamentals • Know the difference between a directory and a file • Know what directory you are in • When in directory doubt, type ‘pwd‘ Web Programming

  13. Unix: File System • File and directory paths use the forward slash “/” • / "root" directory • /home/kiyang subdirectory “home” → subdirectory “kiyang” root ~ Home directory shorthand ~kiyang = /home/kiyang ~topzoo = /home/stud/topzoo ~/ = user’s home directory home usr stud kiyang topzoo freeghsd public_html public_html WP WP /home/stud/freeghsd/public_html/WP/ Web Programming

  14. Unix Basics: Command Syntax • Unix command syntax: command[space]option switches [space] arguments • Options can be combined • To get help on a command • Type ‘man command’ • e.g., man ls • man pages can be difficult to read (example) ls -al/home/kiyang/public_html Web Programming

  15. Unix Basics: BasicCommand • lsfilename • Lists files in a directory • Default argument = current directory • Common options: • -a → list all files including dot files • -l → display detailed info • pwdLists the current working directory • cd dir_nameMove to the directory named dir_name • cp file1 file2Copy file1 to file2 • mv file1 file2Rename file1 to file2 • rm file1delete file1 • cat filenamedisplay the content of filename • more filenamedisplay the content of filename one screen at a time • less filenamesame as more plus scrolling backwards Web Programming

  16. Unix Basics: Working with Directories • Directories are special types of files • Unix file system is hierarchical • use "cd" and "ls" to get around • ~/  your home directory • ~/public_html = /home/kiyang/public_html drwxr-xr-x 2 kiyang kiyang 4096 2011-03-16 11:45 TT -rw------- 1 kiyang kiyang 92 2010-12-14 19:17 hw1.txt • "cd" to change directory • cd change to home directory • cd ..  change to parent directory • "pwd" to print current working directory • "mkdir dir_name" to create a directory named dir_name • "rmdir dir_name" to remove the directory named dir_name Web Programming

  17. Unix Basics: Working with Files • Files have owners and permissions • Owner = person who created the file • Permission • read, write, execute by owner, group, everyone • Cannot "more" all files • read permission needed • Special files • Dot files: ls –a to list • Symbolic links: ls –Ito list the original file • "ls" to list • "cp" to copy • "mv" to rename. • "rm" to delete • "more" (less, cat) to view the content Web Programming

  18. Unix Permissions file type permission owner group last modified time file name size group owner world 000 = 0 = --- 001 = 1 = --x 010 = 2 = -w- 011 = 3 = -wx 100 = 4 = r-- 101 = 5 = r-x 110 = 6 = rw- 111 = 7 = rwx rwx r-x r-- 111 101 100 1=Allowed 0=Not Allowed 7 5 4 In decimal number Web Programming

  19. Changing Unix File Permissions • Use the chmodcommand • Syntax: chmod permissionsfilename • e.g., chmod 644hw1.txt • This would change the permissions to?(Hint: 6 = 110, 4 = 100 in binary) • Important in web authoring • Web pages • Must be world readable → chmod 644 index.htm • Server-side Programs • Must be executable → chmod 755 roster.cgi • User group depending on web server configuration • Directories • Must be world executable → chmod 711 public_html Web Programming

  20. UNIX Shortcuts • Up arrow • Cycles through previous commands • Tab key after partial filename • Completes the filename if enough has been typed (like auto-complete) • Alias • Designates a shorter command to be used in place of a longer one. • Stored in ~/.aliases • Syntax: alias short_cmd=‘long command’ • e.g., alias dir='ls -al |more' alias cdhwp='cd ~/public_html/WP‘ alias chmo='chmod 755 ~/public_html/WP/*' Web Programming

  21. UNIX Editor: Pico • pico file1edit file1 • Ctrl-osave the current file • Ctrl-xsave & exit • Ctrl-edelete to the end of current line • Ctrl-kdelete the current line • Ctrl-urestore the last line that was deleted • Ctrl-wfind/search • Going to a specific line number • Ctrl-w Ctrl-t  line number Web Programming

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