Engineering for Ecosystem Restoration: University at Buffalo Summer Workshop Series 2011

1. Engineering for Ecosystem Restoration: University at BuffaloSummer Workshop Series 2011 River Processes, Fluvial Geomorphology and Channel Processes

2. Sean J. Bennett, Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14261-0055, seanb@buffalo.edu Sediment transport mechanics, turbulent flow, gully erosion, reservoir sedimentation, vegetation and rivers Instructors Andrew Simon, USDA-ARS, National Sedimentation Laboratory, P.O. Box 1157, Oxford, MS 38655, Andrew.Simon@ars.usda.gov Streambank mechanics, unstable channels, bank-stability modeling, flow-energy, regional sediment yields, stream restoration Participants….

3. Dynamically stable, multifunctional river corridors

4. Dynamically unstable, non-multifunctional river corridors

5. Impaired or degraded Dynamically unstable, non-multifunctional river corridors

6. Stream Restoration or Naturalization • The return of an impaired or degraded river corridor ecosystem to a close approximation of its remaining natural potential (as defined by habitat quality, quantity, species richness/diversity) • Not to its original or undisturbed condition Habitat degradation often is driven by stream channel degradation and instability

7. How does one become an effective practitioner in Stream Restoration? Fluvial Geomorphology The processes controlling river channel form and river channel change, their causes and stimuli, and their time and space scales Social and economic context Aquatic Ecology The biogeochemical interactions between species and their environment, including ecosystem assessment and integrity River Engineering The geotechnical and hydraulic corrective measures designed to create a dynamically stable, multifunctional river corridor

8. Goals of Lectures • Provide an introduction to the main topics in fluvial geomorphology • Academic and applied approaches • Stress physical processes • Blend of earth science and engineering • Mix of classic and emerging trends in fluvial geomorphology Working knowledge of river processes and forms, river channel change, and critical concepts of river restoration

9. Categories of Lectures Topical seminars on fundamental and applied aspects of river process and form Basic principles in fluvial geomorphology and river mechanics Tools and technology available to assess river processes and river channel change Case studies of river corridor assessment

10. Schedule

11. Topics, Day 1 (Monday) All lectures will be 45-min in length, given as a PowerPoint Presentation

12. Topics, Day 2 (Tuesday) All lectures will be 45-min in length, given as a PowerPoint Presentation

13. Topics, Day 3 (Wednesday) All lectures will be 45-min in length, given as a PowerPoint Presentation

14. Topics, Day 4 (Thursday) All lectures will be 45-min in length, given as a PowerPoint Presentation

15. Topics, Day 5 (Friday) All lectures will be 45-min in length, given as a PowerPoint Presentation

16. Additional Activities • All registered graduate students will be asked to do additional work to satisfy their course requirements • There will be two (2) early evening “jam” sessions (M & W), additional players, singers, rock stars, and groupies are welcome (affinity for classic, southern, and blues rock is desirable)

17. Useful References Bridge, J.S., Rivers and Floodplains: Forms, Processes, and Sedimentary Record, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2003. Brierley, G., and K. Fryirs, eds., River Futures: An Integrative Scientific Approach to River Repair, Island Press, 2008. Brookes, A., and F.D. Shields, Jr., eds., River Channel Restoration: Guiding Principles for Sustainable Projects, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 1996. Darby, S., and D. Sear, eds., River Restoration: Managing the Uncertainty in Restoring Physical Habitat, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 2008. Dorava, J.M., D.R. Montgomery, B.B. Palcsak, and F.A. Fitzpatrick, eds., Geomorphic Processes and Riverine Habitat, Water Science and Application, Volume 4, 2001. Knighton, D., Fluvial Forms and Processes: A New Perspective, Arnold, London, 1998. Leopold, L.B., M.G. Wolman, and J.P. Miller, Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology, W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1964. Restoration Ecology, Special Section: Restoring Rivers: A Synthesis of Findings From Project Records and Interviews, vol. 15(3), pp. 472-591, 2007. Thorne, C.R., R.D. Hey, and M.D. Newson, Applied Fluvial Geomorphology for River Engineering and Management, Wiley, Chichester, 1997. Thorp, J., M. Thoms, and M. Delong, The Riverine Ecosystem Synthesis: Toward Conceptual Cohesiveness in River Science, Academic Press, Oxford, 2008. United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Stream Restoration Design, Part 654 National Engineering Handbook, 2007. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Ecological Restoration: A Tool To Manage Stream Quality, EPA 841-F-95-007, http://www.epa.gov/owowwtr1/NPS/Ecology/exsum.html and http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/Ecology/, 1995. Watson, C.C., D.S. Biedenharn, and C.R. Thorne, Stream Rehabilitation Version 1.0, Cottonwood Research LLC, Fort Collins, Colorado, 2005.

18. Useful Reference 70 Researchers (6 from UB!), 25 Chapters, publication by AGU is imminent

19. Conclusion • Ecosystem or water quality impairment in rivers often is intimately associated with stream channel (dynamic) stability • Effective practitioners in stream restoration meld fluvial geomorphology, aquatic ecosystems, and engineering solutions • Here we will examine the basic principles of fluvial geomorphology, complemented by case studies of river corridors, topical seminars, and tools and technology