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Solar Flares and Alan Gabriel

Solar Flares and Alan Gabriel. by G. A. Doschek Space Science Division Naval Research Laboratory Presented at Atomic physics, plasma spectroscopy, and solar physics from space: Celebrating the achievements of Alan Gabriel

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Solar Flares and Alan Gabriel

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  1. Solar Flares and Alan Gabriel by G. A. Doschek Space Science Division Naval Research Laboratory Presented at Atomic physics, plasma spectroscopy, and solar physics from space: Celebrating the achievements of Alan Gabriel Institut d’Astrophysique SpatialeCNRS-Université Paris-SudOrsay, France20 June 2013 presented by video link from Washington, DC, USA Work supported by 6.1 NRL/ONR funds

  2. The X-ray Spectrum of Solar Flares • Alan made seminal contributions towards understanding the X-ray spectrum of solar flares, particularly the so-called “satellite lines” produced by dielectronic recombination and electron impact excitation. • A. H. Gabriel – “Dielectronic Satellite Spectra for Highly-Charged Helium-like Ion Lines, Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 160, 99 (1972) 529 citations as of 17 June 2013

  3. The Standard Flare Model:What are the Non-thermal and Bulk Motions?

  4. The NASA OSOs and Solar Maximum Mission, the Japanese Hinotori Mission and the US DoD P78-1 Mission

  5. From Gabriel 1972, Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 160, 99

  6. Solar Flare Iron Line Spectra

  7. Chromospheric Evaporation and Non-thermal Motions in Flares

  8. Non-thermal motions in flares

  9. But alas, it is rather tragic that the high spectral resolution X-ray investigation of flares ceased after Yohkoh! However, highly ionized iron lines appear in the EUV, where spectral-imaging with multi-layer optics can be used (SOHO/CDS, Hinode/EIS)

  10. Fe XXIII Flare Profiles (EIS) 150 km/s

  11. Flare Image and Mass Motions

  12. Flare Observed by Hinode/Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS)

  13. What Next with Highly Ionized Iron Lines? • We need sensitive imaging X-ray spectrometers that can observe the Fe XXV + satellite lines near 1.9 Å and the Fe XXVI + satellite lines near 1.8 Å in the reconnection region. • More sensitive Bragg spectrometers with imaging capabilities? • Microcalorimeters? • We need more sensitive and higher spatial resolution EIS-type instruments (Solar-C?) with hard X-ray imaging observations (advanced RHESSI?) • Summary: Alan Gabriel was a key individual in the ground floor investigation of the high temperature components of solar flares

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