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Chapter 16

Chapter 16. Age of Imperialism . Rise of Imperialism. Between 1800 and 1914, various Western nations carried out policies of imperialism, in which they sought to control the political, economical, and social life of countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

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Chapter 16

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  1. Chapter 16 Age of Imperialism

  2. Rise of Imperialism • Between 1800 and 1914, various Western nations carried out policies of imperialism, in which they sought to control the political, economical, and social life of countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. • Three key factors led to the rise of imperialism: • Competition among western countries for more territory • Their demand for raw materials and new markets • And feelings of cultural and racial superiority that influenced Western peoples to impose their cultures on distant lands. (this included the establishment of Christian missions and churches in colonized nations)

  3. Expanding Control Over Africa • Beginning in the 1870s, European nations expanded their control over Africa, dividing the continent among themselves and exploiting its rich variety of natural resources. (although there were many wanted resources on of the biggest resource was rubber which was largely found in Congo) • In spite of African resistance in many areas, only two African nations- Ethiopia and Liberia had managed to escape European control by 1914. • Two factors played a role in this resistance. • First, geographic and biological obstacles such as jungles and malaria kept Europeans out. • Second, King Menelik of Ethiopia led a successful resistance against Italian Imperialism. He was one of Ethiopia's greatest rulers, he expanded the empire almost to its present-day borders, and carried out a wide-ranging program of modernization.

  4. Hola India! • In India, an uprising in 1857 brought direct British control over Indian affairs. To prevent further unrest, the British took steps to develop India economically, but many Indians failed to benefit from the growth of railroads and industries. • In 1885 nationalists formed the Indian National Congress, beginning a long struggle for independence. Add: Ghandi! Becomes most famous leader, used non-violent resistance!

  5. China • Also, during the 1800s, European powers intervened in China. • Using military power or the threat of it, they claimed large areas of China as spheres of influence- areas where they had exclusive of trading rights. • One of the new market products that in these areas was the sale of opium. Brits brought it in…first gave out free samples… • The Chinese did try to fight back against foreign invaders in the Boxer Uprising of 1900, but the Europeans quickly crushed the revolt. • In 1912 Chinese revolutionaries upset with what was going on in their country-overthrew the weakened Dynasty and set up a republic.

  6. United States and Japan • The United States in 1853 forced the Japanese to open their doors to trade, sending shock waves through Japanese society. • The Meiji leaders who came to power in Japan during the 1860s decided to make Japan a great power capable of competing with the West. • They then reformed Japan’s government and began to industrialize the nation. • By 1941 Japan had emerged as a modern industrial nation.

  7. Era of Imperialism • During this era of imperialism, the United States used the Monroe Doctrine, along with other several others, to try and oppose European involvement in Latin America. However, at the same time, the United States government and American businesses were becoming increasingly involved in Latin American affairs. • For example, in the early 1900s, American military forces often intervened in Latin American countries when either government policies or social unrest threatened American interests. • This involvement heightened tensions between the United States and Latin America.

  8. Anti-American feelings were often a factor in the upsurge of nationalism that swept through the region during this period. • VLAs: • Zulu: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkSPmsZxesw • Ghandi: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sCsArbBloU • Opium Wars:

  9. Wrap Up Activity: • In groups or solo… appoint a writer and a presenter and create an inter- CONNECTED Mega Web of 15 PLUS details covering key info from these notes …connect at least 2 facts in chain see how many links you can connect! (EC reward for 5 or more linked) be ready to share! • 1st question to answer is what to call the center of the web???

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